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#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:4
msgid "Chemical Components"
msgstr "化学组件"

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:6
msgid ""
"For our last example of component oriented modeling, we'll return to the "
":ref:`chemical-system` we discussed in the chapter on :ref:`vectors-and-"
"arrays`.  However, this time we will create component models for the various"
" effects and show how connections in Modelica automatically ensure "
"conservation of species."
msgstr ""
"在最后一个基于组件建模的例子里，\ "
"我们会再次回顾在\\ :ref:`vectors-and-arrays`\\ 章节内介绍的\\ :ref:`chemical-system`\\ 。\ "
"不过，这次我们将创建各种效应的组件模型，并演示Modelica内的连接是如何自动确保种类的守恒。\ "

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:13
msgid "Species"
msgstr "种类"

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:17
msgid ""
"The species we will be dealing with in this example are defined by the "
"following ``enumeration``:"
msgstr "我们在本例中将要处理的物质类型由以下\\ ``enumeration``\\ 定义："

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:23
msgid ""
"Note that this definition exists within a package called ``ABX``. This "
"indicates that the component models are designed to work with this three "
"species system involving ``A``, ``B`` and ``X``."
msgstr ""
"请注意，这个定义在一个名为\\ ``ABX``\\ 的包内。\ "
"这表示该组件模型要在涉及\\ ``A``\\ 、\\ ``B``\\ 和\\ ``X``\\"
" 的系统内正常工作。\ "

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:28
msgid "``Mixture``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:30
msgid ""
"Also contained in the ``ABX`` package is the following ``connector`` "
"definition (which can be found in the ``Interfaces`` sub-package):"
msgstr "下列\\ ``connector``\\ 定义也包含在\\ ``ABX``\\ 包内（这可以在\\ ``Interfaces``\\ 子包中找到）："

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:36
msgid ""
"Here we see that our ``Mixture`` connector uses concentrations as the across"
" variables and a concentration rate as the flow variable. Although the "
"``flow`` variable in this case is not strictly the flow of a conserved "
"quantity, it will suffice in this example since all reactions are contained "
"within the same volume."
msgstr ""
"在这里我们看到，我们的\\ ``Mixture``\\ 连接器使用浓度为穿越变量，浓度变化率为流变量。\ "
"虽然，在这种情况下\\ ``flow``\\ "
"变量不是严格意义上的守恒量的流。\ "
"但在本例中，由于所有反应都包含在相同的容器内，这样的定义足够了。\ "

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:42
msgid ""
"Note that both ``C`` and ``R`` in this connector are arrays where the "
"subscript is given by an ``enumeration`` type.  We saw earlier how :ref"
":`array-enum-dim` can be used in this way."
msgstr ""
"请注意，连接器里的\\ ``C``\\ 和\\ ``R``\\ 均为数组。\ "
"而其下标由\\ ``enumeration``\\ 类型给出。\ "
"我们之前就看到过\\ :ref:`array-enum-dim`\\ 的这种用法。\ "

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:47
msgid "``Solution``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:49
msgid ""
"Our first component model is used to track the concentration of the various "
"chemical species within a control volume.  As alluded to earlier, since all "
"reactions occur within the same volume, we don't need to actually specify "
"the size of the control volume."
msgstr ""
"我们的第一个组件模型用于追踪控制体积内各种化学物质的浓度。\ "
"正如前面所提到的，由于所有反应发生在同一体积内，我们实际上不需要指定控制体积的大小。\ "

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:54
msgid ""
"The ``Solution`` model is quite simple.  Like the ``RegionalPopulation`` "
"model discussed :ref:`earlier in this chapter <population-components>`, the "
"rate of change of the across variable associated with its sole connector is "
"equal to the ``flow`` variable on that same connector:"
msgstr ""
"\\ ``Solution``\\ 模型很简单。\ "
"如同\\ :ref:`\\ 在本章前面部分\\ <population-components>`\\ "
"讨论过的\\ ``RegionalPopulation``\\ 模型，与模型唯一连接器相关联的横跨变量的变化率等于该连接器中的\\ ``flow``\\"
" 变量："

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:64
msgid "Reactions"
msgstr "反应"

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:67
msgid "``Reaction``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:69
msgid ""
"As we saw previously, this system has three reactions.  Each of the specific"
" reactions we'll examine extend from the following ``partial`` model:"
msgstr "正如我们之前所看到的，该系统有三种化学反应。\ "
"我们将研究的每个具体的反应，都会扩展自以下\\ ``partial``\\ 模型："

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:76
msgid ""
"We see that each reaction has a reaction coefficient, ``k``, and a "
"``Mixture`` connector, ``mixture``, that ultimately connects it to the "
"``Solution`` where the reaction is to take place.  The internal vector "
"variables ``consumed`` and ``produced`` play a role that is similar to the "
"``decline`` and ``growth`` variables in the ``SinkOrSource`` :ref:`discussed"
" earlier in this chapter <reproduction-component>` (*i.e.,* they allow us to"
" write contributions from individual reactions using an intuitive "
"terminology)."
msgstr ""
"我们看到，每个反应有反应系数\\ ``k``\\ 和\\ ``Mixture``\\ 类型的连接器\\ ``mixture``\\ 。\ "
"而\\ "
"``mixture``\\ 连接器则连接到反应发生的\\ ``Solution``\\ 部件中。\ "
"内部向量值变量\\ ``consumed``\\ 和\\"
" ``produced``\\ 起到的作用类似于在\\ :ref:`\\ 本章前面部分介绍过的\\ <reproduction-"
"component>`\\ \\ ``SinkOrSource``\\ 内的\\ ``decline``\\ 和\\ ``growth``\\ "
"变量（即使用这些变量，我们就可以将每个反应的作用以一种直观的方法描述出来。\ ）"

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:87
msgid "``A+B->X``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:89
msgid ""
"The first complete reaction model we will consider is the one that turns one"
" molecule of ``A`` and one molecule of ``B`` into one molecule of ``X``.  "
"Using the ``Reaction`` model, we can model this reaction as follows:"
msgstr ""
"第一个完整反应模型中，我们将考虑的是一个\\ ``A``\\ 分子，一个\\ ``B``\\ 分子合成一个\\ ``X``\\ 分子。\ "
"使用\\ "
"``Reaction``\\ 模型，我们可以如下对这种反应进行建模："

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:108
msgid ""
"The first thing to note about this model is that it is composed of non-"
"alphanumeric characters.  Specifically, the name of this model contains "
"``+``, ``-`` and ``>``.  This is permitted in Modelica **as long as the name"
" is quoted using single quote characters**.  The rate of the reaction, "
"``R``, is used in conjunction with the ``consumed`` and ``produced`` "
"variables inherited from the ``Reaction`` model to create equations that "
"clearly describe both the reactants and the products in this reaction."
msgstr ""
"该模型的第一个特点在于，它是由非字母数字字符组成的。\ "
"具体来说，模型的名称中包含\\ ``+``\\ 、\\ ``-``\\ 、\\ ``>``\\ "
"。\ "
"\\ **只要名称是用单引号字符引用**\\ ，这在Modelica是允许的。\ "
"反应速率\\ ``R``\\ 与继承自\\ ``Reaction``\\"
" 模型的\\ ``consumed``\\ 以及\\ ``produced``\\ 变量配合使用。\ "
"由此就可以清楚描述该反应中反应物和产物的方程式。\ "

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:118
msgid "``A+B<-X``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:120
msgid ""
"The next reaction we will consider is one that takes one molecule of ``X`` "
"and transforms it (back) into one molecule of ``A`` and one molecule of "
"``B``.  This is the reverse of the previous reaction.  The Modelica code for"
" this reaction would be:"
msgstr ""
"我们会考虑的下一个反应是将一个\\ ``X``\\ 分子转换成（回）一个\\ ``A``\\ 分子和一个\\ ``B``\\ "
"分子。\ "
"这与之前的反应相反。\ "
"该反应的Modelica代码为："

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:137
msgid ""
"Again, the equations convey clearly which species are reactants (*i.e.,* are"
" consumed in the reaction) and which are the products (*i.e.,* those species"
" that are produced in the reaction)."
msgstr "同样，方程清楚表达了哪些种类是反应物（即反应中的消耗），\ "
"而那些是产物（即反应所产生的物质）。\ "

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:142
msgid "``X+B->R+S``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:144
msgid ""
"Finally, our last reaction converts molecules of ``X`` and ``B`` into "
"molecules of ``R`` and ``S``:"
msgstr "我们的最后一个反应将\\ ``X``\\ 分子和\\ ``B``\\ 分子转化成\\ ``R``\\ 分子和\\ ``S``\\ 分子："

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:159
msgid ""
"We do not track the concentration of the ``R`` and ``S`` species since they "
"are simply byproducts and do not participate in any other reactions.  This "
"model follows the same familiar pattern as before with the exception that "
"the ``A`` species is not involved."
msgstr ""
"我们不追踪\\ ``R``\\ 和\\ ``S``\\ "
"物质的浓度。\ "
"因为，它们不过是副产物，不参与任何其它反应。\ "
"本模型与前述模型同样遵循我们熟悉的模式。\ "
"不同点在于，\\ ``A``\\ 类物质不参与反应。\ "

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:165
msgid "System"
msgstr "系统"

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:167
msgid ""
"We can combine the ``Solution`` model along with the various reaction models"
" as follows:"
msgstr "我们可以将\\ ``Solution``\\ 模型和不同的反应模型相结合，如下："

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:173
msgid ""
"Note how modifications to the ``solution`` component are used to set the "
"initial concentration of species within the ``solution`` component.  Also, "
"the reaction coefficients are specified via modifications to each of the "
"reaction components.  Finally, each of the reaction components is attached "
"to the ``solution.mixture`` connector."
msgstr ""
"注意\\ ``solution``\\ 组件内的修改语句如何用来设置\ "
"\\ ``solution``\\ 组件内物质的初始浓度。\ "
"另外，反应系数是用每个反应组分的修改语句指定的。\ "
"最后，每个反应组分都连接到\\ ``solution.mixture``\\ 连接器。\ "

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:188
msgid "Conclusion"
msgstr "结论"

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:190
msgid ""
"From our earlier discussion of this chemical system, you may recall that the"
" resulting system of equations was:"
msgstr "你可能会记得，在我们之前对这个化学系统的讨论中，推导出的方程组为："

#: ../../source/components/components/chem_comps.rst:201
msgid ""
"Each equation represents the accumulation of a particular species and each "
"term on the right hand side of those equations is computing the net flow of "
"that particular species into the control volume. Constructing this system by"
" hand for even a relatively small number of participating species is rife "
"with opportunities to introduce errors. By using a component oriented "
"approach instead, we never had to assemble such a system of equations.  As a"
" result, these equations were generated automatically.  By automating this "
"process, we can avoid many potential errors and the time required to "
"identify and fix them."
msgstr ""
"每个方程表示特定种类的增量。\ "
"方程右边的每项都用于计算该特定物种流入控制体积的净流量。\ "
"哪怕牵涉相对少量的种类，手工构建该系统都会很容易引入错误。\ "
"但通过使用面向组件方法，我们从不需要推导上述方程组。\ "
"其结果是，这些方程会自动生成。\ "
"通过自动化这个过程，我们能够避免许多潜在的错误。\ "
"我们也不再需要花时间去找出并修复这些错误。\ "
