## FCSys.Species.H2O.Liquid

H2O liquid

### Information

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Package (Icon for standard packages).

### Package Content

Name | Description
--- | ---
Fixed | Fixed properties

## FCSys.Species.H2O.Liquid.Fixed

Fixed properties

### Information

Assumptions:

1. The generalized resistivities (η, θ) are fixed (e.g., independent of thermodynamic state).

The default resistivities (η = `1/(855e-6*U.Pa*U.s)` and θ = `U.m*U.K/(613e-3*U.W)`) are of H2O liquid at saturation pressure and 300 K from Incropera and DeWitt [Table 1 lists the properties at saturation pressure and other temperatures. See also http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/water-dynamic-kinematic-viscosity-d_596.html.

Table 1: Properties of H2O liquid at saturation pressure [Incropera2002, pp. 924–925].
T `/U.K` | cp`*U.kg*U.K /(U.J*Data.m)` | η`*U.Pa*U.s` | θ`*U.W /(U.m*U.K)`
--- | --- | --- | ---
273.15 | 4217 | 1/1750e-6 | 1/569e-3
275 | 4211 | 1/1652e-6 | 1/574e-3
280 | 4198 | 1/1422e-6 | 1/582e-3
285 | 4189 | 1/1225e-6 | 1/590e-3
290 | 4184 | 1/1080e-6 | 1/598e-3
295 | 4181 | 1/959e-6 | 1/606e-3
300 | 4179 | 1/855e-6 | 1/613e-3
305 | 4178 | 1/769e-6 | 1/620e-3
310 | 4178 | 1/695e-6 | 1/628e-3
315 | 4179 | 1/631e-6 | 1/634e-3
320 | 4180 | 1/577e-6 | 1/640e-3
325 | 4182 | 1/528e-6 | 1/645e-3
330 | 4184 | 1/489e-6 | 1/650e-3
335 | 4186 | 1/453e-6 | 1/656e-3
340 | 4188 | 1/420e-6 | 1/660e-3
345 | 4191 | 1/389e-6 | 1/668e-3
350 | 4195 | 1/365e-6 | 1/668e-3
355 | 4199 | 1/343e-6 | 1/671e-3
360 | 4203 | 1/324e-6 | 1/674e-3
365 | 4209 | 1/306e-6 | 1/677e-3
370 | 4214 | 1/289e-6 | 1/679e-3
373.15 | 4217 | 1/279e-6 | 1/680e-3
375 | 4220 | 1/274e-6 | 1/681e-3
380 | 4226 | 1/260e-6 | 1/683e-3
385 | 4232 | 1/248e-6 | 1/685e-3
390 | 4239 | 1/237e-6 | 1/686e-3
400 | 4256 | 1/217e-6 | 1/688e-3
410 | 4278 | 1/200e-6 | 1/688e-3
420 | 4302 | 1/185e-6 | 1/688e-3
430 | 4331 | 1/173e-6 | 1/685e-3
440 | 4360 | 1/162e-6 | 1/682e-3
450 | 4400 | 1/152e-6 | 1/678e-3
460 | 4440 | 1/143e-6 | 1/673e-3
470 | 4480 | 1/136e-6 | 1/667e-3
480 | 4530 | 1/129e-6 | 1/660e-3
490 | 4590 | 1/124e-6 | 1/651e-3
500 | 4660 | 1/118e-6 | 1/642e-3
510 | 4740 | 1/113e-6 | 1/631e-3
520 | 4840 | 1/108e-6 | 1/621e-3
530 | 4950 | 1/104e-6 | 1/608e-3
540 | 5080 | 1/101e-6 | 1/594e-3
550 | 5240 | 1/97e-6 | 1/580e-3
560 | 5430 | 1/94e-6 | 1/563e-3
570 | 5680 | 1/91e-6 | 1/548e-3
580 | 6000 | 1/88e-6 | 1/528e-3
590 | 6410 | 1/84e-6 | 1/513e-3
600 | 7000 | 1/81e-6 | 1/497e-3
610 | 7850 | 1/77e-6 | 1/467e-3
620 | 9350 | 1/72e-6 | 1/444e-3
635 | 10600 | 1/70e-6 | 1/430e-3
630 | 12600 | 1/67e-6 | 1/412e-3
635 | 16400 | 1/64e-6 | 1/392e-3
640 | 26000 | 1/59e-6 | 1/367e-3

The specific heat capacity is not fixed because it would affect the chemical potential and result in an incorrect saturation pressure.

For more information, please see the Species model.

Extends from Fluid (Base model for a fluid species).

### Parameters

Type | Name | Default | Description
--- | --- | --- | ---
Integer | n_inter | 0 | Number of exchange connections with other phases
Material properties
replaceable package Data | Characteristics.H2O.Liquid | Characteristic data
Continuity | zeta | 0 | Continuity [L.M/(N.T)]
Independence factors
NumberAbsolute | k_intra_Phi[n_intra, n_trans] | ones(n_intra, n_trans) | For translational exchange among species within the phase [1]
NumberAbsolute | k_intra_Q[n_intra] | ones(n_intra) | For thermal exchange among species within the phase [1]
Initialization
Velocity | phi.start[n_trans] | 0 | Velocity [L/T]
Current | I.start[n_trans] | 0 | Current [N/T]
Velocity | phi_boundaries.start[n_trans, Side] | 0 | Normal velocities at the boundaries [L/T]
Force | f.start[n_trans] | 0 | Total normal translational force on pairs of boundaries [L.M/T2]
Force | minusDeltaf.start[n_trans] | 0 | Dynamic and nonequilibrium compression forces [L.M/T2]
Geometry
Length | kL[:] | L[cartTrans] | Effective transport length [L]
Initialization
Number | epsilon_IC | 0.01 | Initial volumetric fill fraction [1]
Init | initMaterial | Init.volume | Method of initializing the material state
Init | initEnergy | Init.temperature | Method of initializing the thermal state
Volume | V_IC | epsilon_IC*product(L) | Initial volume [L3]
TemperatureAbsolute | T_IC |  | Initial temperature [L2.M/(N.T2)]
Assumptions
Integer | n_trans | 1 | Number of transport axes
Integer | n_chem | 1 | Number of reaction and phase change processes
Formulation of the conservation equations
ConsThermo | consMaterial | ConsThermo.dynamic | Material
Boolean | consRot | false | Conserve rotational momentum
ConsTrans | consTransX | ConsTrans.dynamic | X-axis translational momentum
ConsTrans | consTransY | ConsTrans.dynamic | Y-axis translational momentum
ConsTrans | consTransZ | ConsTrans.dynamic | Z-axis translational momentum
ConsThermo | consEnergy | ConsThermo.dynamic | Energy
Axes with upstream discretization
Boolean | upstreamX | true | X
Boolean | upstreamY | true | Y
Boolean | upstreamZ | true | Z
Flow conditions
Boolean | approxVelocity | true | Calculate normal boundary velocities assuming uniform density
NumberAbsolute | Nu_Phi[Axis] | {4,4,4} | Translational Nusselt numbers [1]
NumberAbsolute | Nu_Q | 1 | Thermal Nusselt number [1]
Advanced
Amount | N0 | U.C | Nominal amount of material to prevent depletion [N]

### Connectors

Type | Name | Description
--- | --- | ---
Intra | intra[n_intra] | Connectors to exchange translational momentum and energy within the phase
Inter | inter[n_inter] | Connectors to exchange translational momentum and energy with all other species
Dalton | dalton | Connector for additivity of pressure
Boundary | boundaries[n_trans, Side] | Connectors for transport
Chemical | chemical[n_chem] | Connector for reactions and phase change
Material properties
replaceable package Data | Characteristic data

### Modelica definition

    model Fixed "Fixed properties"

      // Initialization
      parameter Q.Number epsilon_IC=0.01 "Initial volumetric fill fraction";

      extends Fluid(
        redeclare replaceable package Data = Characteristics.H2O.Liquid,
        redeclare parameter Q.Mobility mu=Data.mu(),
        redeclare parameter Q.TimeAbsolute nu=Data.nu(),
        final zeta=0,
        redeclare parameter Q.Fluidity eta=1/(855e-6*U.Pa*U.s),
        redeclare parameter Q.ResistivityThermal theta=U.m*U.K/(0.613*U.W),
        initEnergy=Init.temperature,
        final N_IC,
        final h_IC,
        final g_IC,
        final rho_IC,
        final p_IC,
        redeclare parameter Q.TimeAbsolute tauprime[:]={1e8*Data.tauprime()},
        n_chem=1,
        final V_IC=epsilon_IC*product(L),
        initMaterial=Init.volume);

      // See the documentation for tables of values.

    end Fixed;