Running: ./testmodel.py --libraries=/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries --ompython_omhome=/usr Buildings_9_Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.Examples.Carnot_y.conf.json loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false) loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false) loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false) loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Buildings 9.1.2-maint.9.1.x/package.mo", uses=false) Using package Buildings with version 9.1.2 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Buildings 9.1.2-maint.9.1.x/package.mo) Using package Modelica with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo) Using package Complex with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo) Using package ModelicaServices with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo) Running command: "" <> buildModelFMU(Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.Examples.Carnot_y,fileNamePrefix="Buildings_9_Buildings_Fluid_HeatPumps_Examples_Carnot_y",fmuType="me",version="2.0",platforms={"static"}) "" <> buildModelFMU(Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.Examples.Carnot_y,fileNamePrefix="Buildings_9_Buildings_Fluid_HeatPumps_Examples_Carnot_y",fmuType="me",version="2.0",platforms={"static"}) Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.001381/0.001381, allocations: 111.3 kB / 15.23 MB, free: 0.6406 MB / 14.72 MB Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.001804/0.001804, allocations: 190.9 kB / 16.14 MB, free: 6.711 MB / 14.72 MB Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 1.274/1.274, allocations: 222.9 MB / 239.8 MB, free: 4.621 MB / 190.1 MB Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Buildings 9.1.2-maint.9.1.x/package.mo): time 2.269/2.269, allocations: 390.2 MB / 0.6643 GB, free: 0.5977 MB / 0.5137 GB Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - loaded program: time 0.001352/0.001352, allocations: 71.88 kB / 0.812 GB, free: 14.76 MB / 0.67 GB Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - Absyn->SCode: time 0.5449/0.5462, allocations: 140.4 MB / 0.949 GB, free: 9.102 MB / 0.7169 GB Notification: Performance of NFInst.instantiate(Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.Examples.Carnot_y): time 0.06381/0.6101, allocations: 74.74 MB / 1.022 GB, free: 7.09 MB / 0.7794 GB Notification: Performance of NFInst.instExpressions: time 0.02157/0.6317, allocations: 15.21 MB / 1.037 GB, free: 7.84 MB / 0.795 GB Notification: Performance of NFInst.updateImplicitVariability: time 0.002897/0.6346, allocations: 59.62 kB / 1.037 GB, free: 7.781 MB / 0.795 GB Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeComponents: time 0.002722/0.6374, allocations: 0.6799 MB / 1.038 GB, free: 7.098 MB / 0.795 GB Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeBindings: time 0.007329/0.6448, allocations: 2.387 MB / 1.04 GB, free: 4.703 MB / 0.795 GB Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeClassSections: time 0.003543/0.6483, allocations: 1.264 MB / 1.041 GB, free: 3.449 MB / 0.795 GB Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.flatten: time 0.006767/0.6551, allocations: 5.574 MB / 1.047 GB, free: 13.86 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.resolveConnections: time 0.002231/0.6574, allocations: 1.19 MB / 1.048 GB, free: 12.64 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of NFEvalConstants.evaluate: time 0.003148/0.6605, allocations: 1.376 MB / 1.049 GB, free: 11.26 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of NFSimplifyModel.simplify: time 0.002146/0.6627, allocations: 1.194 MB / 1.05 GB, free: 10.06 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of NFPackage.collectConstants: time 0.000389/0.6631, allocations: 72 kB / 1.05 GB, free: 9.988 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.collectFunctions: time 0.00313/0.6662, allocations: 1.259 MB / 1.052 GB, free: 8.727 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of NFScalarize.scalarize: time 0.0006037/0.6669, allocations: 318.6 kB / 1.052 GB, free: 8.414 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of NFVerifyModel.verify: time 0.001436/0.6683, allocations: 0.8161 MB / 1.053 GB, free: 7.594 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of NFConvertDAE.convert: time 0.004242/0.6726, allocations: 2.773 MB / 1.055 GB, free: 4.812 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - DAE generated: time 4.349e-06/0.6726, allocations: 0 / 1.055 GB, free: 4.812 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of FrontEnd: time 8.82e-07/0.6726, allocations: 0 / 1.055 GB, free: 4.812 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of Transformations before backend: time 6.852e-05/0.6727, allocations: 4 kB / 1.055 GB, free: 4.809 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Model statistics after passing the front-end and creating the data structures used by the back-end: * Number of equations: 240 * Number of variables: 240 Notification: Performance of Generate backend data structure: time 0.004231/0.6769, allocations: 2.087 MB / 1.057 GB, free: 2.652 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of prepare preOptimizeDAE: time 4.082e-05/0.677, allocations: 12.03 kB / 1.057 GB, free: 2.641 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt introduceOutputAliases (simulation): time 0.0001749/0.6771, allocations: 152.1 kB / 1.058 GB, free: 2.484 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt normalInlineFunction (simulation): time 0.0008545/0.678, allocations: 234.7 kB / 1.058 GB, free: 2.254 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt evaluateParameters (simulation): time 0.002373/0.6804, allocations: 1.493 MB / 1.059 GB, free: 0.707 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt simplifyIfEquations (simulation): time 6.188e-05/0.6805, allocations: 77.98 kB / 1.059 GB, free: 0.6289 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt expandDerOperator (simulation): time 0.0001345/0.6806, allocations: 100 kB / 1.059 GB, free: 0.5312 MB / 0.8106 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt clockPartitioning (simulation): time 0.002179/0.6828, allocations: 1.104 MB / 1.061 GB, free: 15.39 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt findStateOrder (simulation): time 2.307e-05/0.6828, allocations: 7.906 kB / 1.061 GB, free: 15.38 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt replaceEdgeChange (simulation): time 8.684e-05/0.6829, allocations: 40 kB / 1.061 GB, free: 15.34 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt inlineArrayEqn (simulation): time 3.063e-05/0.683, allocations: 27.94 kB / 1.061 GB, free: 15.32 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt removeEqualRHS (simulation): time 0.001977/0.6849, allocations: 0.8938 MB / 1.061 GB, free: 14.42 MB / 0.8262 GB Warning: The model contains alias variables with redundant start and/or conflicting nominal values. It is recommended to resolve the conflicts, because otherwise the system could be hard to solve. To print the conflicting alias sets and the chosen candidates please use -d=aliasConflicts. Notification: Performance of preOpt removeSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.00586/0.6908, allocations: 4.903 MB / 1.066 GB, free: 9.23 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt comSubExp (simulation): time 0.001398/0.6922, allocations: 0.612 MB / 1.067 GB, free: 8.609 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt resolveLoops (simulation): time 0.0007391/0.693, allocations: 350.3 kB / 1.067 GB, free: 8.266 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt evalFunc (simulation): time 0.0005896/0.6936, allocations: 0.8238 MB / 1.068 GB, free: 7.258 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of preOpt encapsulateWhenConditions (simulation): time 3.366e-05/0.6936, allocations: 43.12 kB / 1.068 GB, free: 7.207 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of pre-optimization done (n=61): time 2.685e-06/0.6936, allocations: 0 / 1.068 GB, free: 7.207 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=61): time 0.006815/0.7005, allocations: 1.685 MB / 1.07 GB, free: 5.492 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of inlineWhenForInitialization (initialization): time 3.768e-05/0.7005, allocations: 63.97 kB / 1.07 GB, free: 5.418 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of selectInitializationVariablesDAE (initialization): time 0.001752/0.7023, allocations: 1.214 MB / 1.071 GB, free: 4.188 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of collectPreVariables (initialization): time 9.099e-05/0.7024, allocations: 45.7 kB / 1.071 GB, free: 4.137 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of collectInitialEqns (initialization): time 0.000496/0.7029, allocations: 0.6026 MB / 1.072 GB, free: 3.527 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of collectInitialBindings (initialization): time 0.000201/0.7031, allocations: 212.9 kB / 1.072 GB, free: 3.316 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of simplifyInitialFunctions (initialization): time 0.0002945/0.7034, allocations: 150.6 kB / 1.072 GB, free: 3.16 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of setup shared object (initialization): time 0.0002166/0.7036, allocations: 341.9 kB / 1.072 GB, free: 2.82 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of preBalanceInitialSystem (initialization): time 0.0007054/0.7043, allocations: 288.7 kB / 1.073 GB, free: 2.535 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of partitionIndependentBlocks (initialization): time 0.0008035/0.7051, allocations: 0.489 MB / 1.073 GB, free: 1.969 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of analyzeInitialSystem (initialization): time 0.001366/0.7065, allocations: 0.709 MB / 1.074 GB, free: 1.207 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of solveInitialSystemEqSystem (initialization): time 4.048e-06/0.7065, allocations: 0 / 1.074 GB, free: 1.207 MB / 0.8262 GB Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=88) (initialization): time 0.004439/0.711, allocations: 1.281 MB / 1.075 GB, free: 15.91 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 1.989e-05/0.711, allocations: 4 kB / 1.075 GB, free: 15.91 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (initialization): time 9.989e-06/0.711, allocations: 4 kB / 1.075 GB, free: 15.91 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (initialization): time 0.0005498/0.7116, allocations: 141 kB / 1.075 GB, free: 15.77 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (initialization): time 0.0005803/0.7122, allocations: 155.8 kB / 1.075 GB, free: 15.61 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (initialization): time 0.0008075/0.713, allocations: 0.7084 MB / 1.076 GB, free: 14.88 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (initialization): time 0.001062/0.714, allocations: 160.7 kB / 1.076 GB, free: 14.72 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (initialization): time 0.0001245/0.7142, allocations: 27.98 kB / 1.076 GB, free: 14.7 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of preBalanceInitialSystem (initialization_lambda0): time 0.001029/0.7152, allocations: 0.5566 MB / 1.077 GB, free: 14.14 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of partitionIndependentBlocks (initialization_lambda0): time 0.0007762/0.716, allocations: 496.7 kB / 1.077 GB, free: 13.57 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of analyzeInitialSystem (initialization_lambda0): time 0.001344/0.7174, allocations: 0.705 MB / 1.078 GB, free: 12.82 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of solveInitialSystemEqSystem (initialization_lambda0): time 2.354e-06/0.7174, allocations: 0 / 1.078 GB, free: 12.82 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=88) (initialization_lambda0): time 0.004296/0.7217, allocations: 1.269 MB / 1.079 GB, free: 11.54 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 1.507e-05/0.7217, allocations: 9.188 kB / 1.079 GB, free: 11.54 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (initialization): time 6.781e-05/0.7218, allocations: 4 kB / 1.079 GB, free: 11.53 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (initialization): time 0.0004647/0.7222, allocations: 137.2 kB / 1.079 GB, free: 11.39 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (initialization): time 0.0005537/0.7228, allocations: 159.8 kB / 1.079 GB, free: 11.24 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (initialization): time 0.0007413/0.7236, allocations: 0.7083 MB / 1.08 GB, free: 10.5 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (initialization): time 0.001058/0.7246, allocations: 135.5 kB / 1.08 GB, free: 10.37 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (initialization): time 9.626e-05/0.7247, allocations: 39.98 kB / 1.08 GB, free: 10.33 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Model statistics after passing the back-end for initialization: * Number of independent subsystems: 16 * Number of states: 0 () * Number of discrete variables: 0 () * Number of discrete states: 0 () * Number of clocked states: 0 () * Top-level inputs: 0 Notification: Strong component statistics for initialization (78): * Single equations (assignments): 77 * Array equations: 0 * Algorithm blocks: 0 * Record equations: 0 * When equations: 0 * If-equations: 0 * Equation systems (not torn): 0 * Torn equation systems: 1 * Mixed (continuous/discrete) equation systems: 0 Notification: Torn system details for strict tearing set: * Linear torn systems (#iteration vars, #inner vars, density): 0 systems * Non-linear torn systems (#iteration vars, #inner vars): 1 system {(1,10)} Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 0.0002822/0.725, allocations: 220.6 kB / 1.08 GB, free: 10.11 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt lateInlineFunction (simulation): time 0.0002171/0.7253, allocations: 142.3 kB / 1.081 GB, free: 9.969 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt wrapFunctionCalls (simulation): time 0.004353/0.7296, allocations: 1.263 MB / 1.082 GB, free: 8.68 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt inlineArrayEqn (simulation): time 1.33e-05/0.7296, allocations: 8 kB / 1.082 GB, free: 8.672 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt constantLinearSystem (simulation): time 6.262e-06/0.7296, allocations: 0 / 1.082 GB, free: 8.672 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifysemiLinear (simulation): time 0.003848/0.7335, allocations: 1.111 MB / 1.083 GB, free: 7.531 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt removeSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.006362/0.7399, allocations: 2.61 MB / 1.085 GB, free: 4.809 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (simulation): time 8.876e-06/0.7399, allocations: 4 kB / 1.085 GB, free: 4.805 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.0004582/0.7404, allocations: 111.9 kB / 1.086 GB, free: 4.695 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (simulation): time 0.0004975/0.7409, allocations: 129.1 kB / 1.086 GB, free: 4.566 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt inputDerivativesUsed (simulation): time 4.964e-05/0.741, allocations: 19.98 kB / 1.086 GB, free: 4.547 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (simulation): time 0.004351/0.7453, allocations: 2.392 MB / 1.088 GB, free: 2.008 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStateSetsJacobians (simulation): time 4.469e-06/0.7453, allocations: 4 kB / 1.088 GB, free: 2.004 MB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt symbolicJacobian (simulation): time 0.005058/0.7504, allocations: 1.699 MB / 1.09 GB, free: 236 kB / 0.8419 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt removeConstants (simulation): time 0.000645/0.7511, allocations: 307.3 kB / 1.09 GB, free: 15.91 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyTimeIndepFuncCalls (simulation): time 0.0001841/0.7513, allocations: 15.98 kB / 1.09 GB, free: 15.89 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (simulation): time 0.0008409/0.7521, allocations: 87.81 kB / 1.09 GB, free: 15.8 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt findZeroCrossings (simulation): time 0.000138/0.7523, allocations: 60.25 kB / 1.09 GB, free: 15.75 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (simulation): time 6.095e-05/0.7523, allocations: 31.97 kB / 1.09 GB, free: 15.71 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of sorting global known variables: time 0.00121/0.7535, allocations: 0.8701 MB / 1.091 GB, free: 14.84 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of sort global known variables: time 1.4e-07/0.7535, allocations: 0 / 1.091 GB, free: 14.84 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of remove unused functions: time 0.00173/0.7553, allocations: 0.7096 MB / 1.092 GB, free: 14.13 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Model statistics after passing the back-end for simulation: * Number of independent subsystems: 15 * Number of states: 2 (heaPum.con.vol.dynBal.U,heaPum.eva.vol.dynBal.U) * Number of discrete variables: 0 () * Number of discrete states: 0 () * Number of clocked states: 0 () * Top-level inputs: 0 Notification: Strong component statistics for simulation (55): * Single equations (assignments): 50 * Array equations: 0 * Algorithm blocks: 0 * Record equations: 4 * When equations: 0 * If-equations: 0 * Equation systems (not torn): 0 * Torn equation systems: 1 * Mixed (continuous/discrete) equation systems: 0 Notification: Torn system details for strict tearing set: * Linear torn systems (#iteration vars, #inner vars, density): 0 systems * Non-linear torn systems (#iteration vars, #inner vars): 1 system {(1,10)} Notification: Performance of Backend phase and start with SimCode phase: time 0.005902/0.7612, allocations: 2.581 MB / 1.094 GB, free: 11.49 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of simCode: created initialization part: time 0.002527/0.7637, allocations: 1.11 MB / 1.095 GB, free: 10.38 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of simCode: created event and clocks part: time 5.11e-06/0.7638, allocations: 0 / 1.095 GB, free: 10.38 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of simCode: created simulation system equations: time 0.001385/0.7651, allocations: 0.5605 MB / 1.096 GB, free: 9.812 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of simCode: created of all other equations (e.g. parameter, nominal, assert, etc): time 0.003304/0.7685, allocations: 0.7526 MB / 1.097 GB, free: 9.074 MB / 0.8575 GB Notification: Performance of simCode: created linear, non-linear and system jacobian parts: time 0.02395/0.7924, allocations: 10.89 MB / 1.107 GB, free: 13.68 MB / 0.8731 GB Notification: Performance of simCode: some other stuff during SimCode phase: time 0.0009157/0.7934, allocations: 1.183 MB / 1.108 GB, free: 12.46 MB / 0.8731 GB Notification: Performance of simCode: alias equations: time 0.001549/0.795, allocations: 299 kB / 1.109 GB, free: 12.17 MB / 0.8731 GB Notification: Performance of simCode: all other stuff during SimCode phase: time 0.0007502/0.7957, allocations: 0.511 MB / 1.109 GB, free: 11.66 MB / 0.8731 GB Notification: Performance of SimCode: time 7.81e-07/0.7957, allocations: 4 kB / 1.109 GB, free: 11.65 MB / 0.8731 GB Notification: Performance of buildModelFMU: Generate the FMI files: time 0.896/1.692, allocations: 40.48 MB / 1.149 GB, free: 3.664 MB / 0.9044 GB Notification: Performance of buildModelFMU: configured platform static using cached values: time 0.0002575/1.692, allocations: 265.3 kB / 1.149 GB, free: 3.305 MB / 0.9044 GB Notification: Performance of buildModelFMU: Generate platform static: time 2.839/4.531, allocations: 0 / 1.149 GB, free: 3.305 MB / 0.9044 GB (rm -f Buildings_9_Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.Examples.Carnot_y.pipe ; mkfifo Buildings_9_Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.Examples.Carnot_y.pipe ; head -c 1048576 < Buildings_9_Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.Examples.Carnot_y.pipe >> ../files/Buildings_9_Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.Examples.Carnot_y.sim & /home/hudson/saved_omc/OMSimulator/install/bin/OMSimulator -r=Buildings_9_Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.Examples.Carnot_y_res.mat --tempDir=temp_Buildings_9_Buildings_Fluid_HeatPumps_Examples_Carnot_y_fmu --startTime=0 --stopTime=3600 --timeout=50 --tolerance=1e-06 Buildings_9_Buildings_Fluid_HeatPumps_Examples_Carnot_y.fmu > Buildings_9_Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.Examples.Carnot_y.pipe 2>&1)