Running: ./testmodel.py --libraries=/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ --ompython_omhome=/usr ModelicaTest_3.2.1_ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation.conf.json
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 3.2.3+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaTest 3.2.1+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
Using package ModelicaTest with version 3.2.1 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaTest 3.2.1+maint.om/package.mo)
Using package Modelica with version 3.2.3 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 3.2.3+maint.om/package.mo)
Using package Complex with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo)
Using package ModelicaServices with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo)
Running command: translateModel(ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation,tolerance=1e-06,outputFormat="empty",numberOfIntervals=5000,variableFilter="",fileNamePrefix="ModelicaTest_3.2.1_ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation")
translateModel(ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation,tolerance=1e-06,outputFormat="empty",numberOfIntervals=5000,variableFilter="",fileNamePrefix="ModelicaTest_3.2.1_ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation")
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.0007345/0.0007344, allocations: 98.27 kB / 15.36 MB, free: 0.7344 MB / 14.72 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.004338/0.004338, allocations: 170.6 kB / 16.27 MB, free: 6.66 MB / 14.72 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 3.2.3+maint.om/package.mo): time 1.255/1.255, allocations: 205.4 MB / 222.4 MB, free: 5.562 MB / 174.1 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaTest 3.2.1+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.2868/0.2868, allocations: 38.04 MB / 308.8 MB, free: 10.32 MB / 254.1 MB
Notification: Modelica requested package Complex of version 3.2.3. Complex 4.0.0 is used instead which states that it is fully compatible without conversion script needed.
Notification: Modelica requested package ModelicaServices of version 3.2.3. ModelicaServices 4.0.0 is used instead which states that it is fully compatible without conversion script needed.
Notification: ModelicaTest requested package Modelica of version 3.2.1. Modelica 3.2.3 is used instead which states that it is fully compatible without conversion script needed.
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - loaded program: time 0.0005258/0.0005258, allocations: 20.52 kB / 377.1 MB, free: 14.8 MB / 318.1 MB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - Absyn->SCode: time 0.1069/0.1075, allocations: 57.51 MB / 434.6 MB, free: 5.191 MB / 366.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.instantiate(ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation): time 0.2155/0.323, allocations: 21.22 MB / 455.8 MB, free: 33.43 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.instExpressions: time 0.01086/0.3339, allocations: 8.617 MB / 464.4 MB, free: 33.27 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.updateImplicitVariability: time 0.0009957/0.3349, allocations: 34.47 kB / 464.4 MB, free: 33.27 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeComponents: time 0.000899/0.3359, allocations: 293 kB / 464.7 MB, free: 33.27 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeBindings: time 0.00248/0.3383, allocations: 0.996 MB / 465.7 MB, free: 33.03 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeClassSections: time 0.002016/0.3404, allocations: 0.8701 MB / 466.6 MB, free: 32.96 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.flatten: time 0.001982/0.3424, allocations: 2.265 MB / 468.9 MB, free: 32.64 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.resolveConnections: time 0.0007915/0.3432, allocations: 0.5505 MB / 469.4 MB, free: 32.57 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFEvalConstants.evaluate: time 0.001143/0.3443, allocations: 0.6541 MB / 470.1 MB, free: 32.47 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFSimplifyModel.simplify: time 0.0009122/0.3453, allocations: 0.6573 MB / 470.7 MB, free: 32.34 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFPackage.collectConstants: time 0.0001872/0.3455, allocations: 42.88 kB / 470.8 MB, free: 32.34 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.collectFunctions: time 0.0014/0.3469, allocations: 0.7031 MB / 471.5 MB, free: 32.3 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFScalarize.scalarize: time 0.0002047/0.3471, allocations: 190 kB / 471.7 MB, free: 32.27 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFVerifyModel.verify: time 0.0004164/0.3475, allocations: 455.1 kB / 472.1 MB, free: 32.11 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFConvertDAE.convert: time 0.001431/0.3489, allocations: 1.413 MB / 473.5 MB, free: 31.92 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - DAE generated: time 3.085e-06/0.349, allocations: 0 / 473.5 MB, free: 31.92 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd: time 1.343e-06/0.349, allocations: 3.312 kB / 473.5 MB, free: 31.92 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of Transformations before backend: time 1.752e-05/0.349, allocations: 0 / 473.5 MB, free: 31.92 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the front-end and creating the data structures used by the back-end:
 * Number of equations: 131
 * Number of variables: 131
Notification: Performance of Generate backend data structure: time 0.002106/0.3511, allocations: 1.071 MB / 474.6 MB, free: 31.25 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of prepare preOptimizeDAE: time 3.489e-05/0.3511, allocations: 13.81 kB / 474.6 MB, free: 31.25 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt normalInlineFunction (simulation): time 0.000346/0.3515, allocations: 101.2 kB / 474.7 MB, free: 31.2 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt evaluateParameters (simulation): time 0.0006816/0.3522, allocations: 0.568 MB / 475.3 MB, free: 30.9 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt simplifyIfEquations (simulation): time 4.511e-05/0.3522, allocations: 44.16 kB / 475.3 MB, free: 30.9 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt expandDerOperator (simulation): time 9.576e-05/0.3523, allocations: 52.09 kB / 475.4 MB, free: 30.9 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt clockPartitioning (simulation): time 0.001246/0.3536, allocations: 0.828 MB / 476.2 MB, free: 30.73 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt findStateOrder (simulation): time 2.17e-05/0.3536, allocations: 7 kB / 476.2 MB, free: 30.73 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt replaceEdgeChange (simulation): time 7.117e-05/0.3537, allocations: 25.17 kB / 476.2 MB, free: 30.73 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt inlineArrayEqn (simulation): time 3.08e-05/0.3537, allocations: 19.94 kB / 476.2 MB, free: 30.73 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt removeEqualRHS (simulation): time 0.001403/0.3552, allocations: 0.8015 MB / 477 MB, free: 30.71 MB / 382.1 MB
Warning: The model contains alias variables with redundant start and/or conflicting nominal values. It is recommended to resolve the conflicts, because otherwise the system could be hard to solve. To print the conflicting alias sets and the chosen candidates please use -d=aliasConflicts.
Notification: Performance of preOpt removeSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.003629/0.3588, allocations: 3.582 MB / 480.6 MB, free: 28.25 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt comSubExp (simulation): time 0.0009597/0.3598, allocations: 491.3 kB / 481.1 MB, free: 28.09 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt resolveLoops (simulation): time 0.0006445/0.3604, allocations: 344.2 kB / 481.4 MB, free: 27.97 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt evalFunc (simulation): time 0.0002281/0.3607, allocations: 0.5729 MB / 482 MB, free: 27.31 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt encapsulateWhenConditions (simulation): time 2.139e-05/0.3607, allocations: 45.5 kB / 482.1 MB, free: 27.26 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt simplifyInStream (simulation): time 0.0005597/0.3613, allocations: 129.1 kB / 482.2 MB, free: 27.21 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of pre-optimization done (n=45): time 3.116e-06/0.3613, allocations: 0 / 482.2 MB, free: 27.21 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=69): time 0.05069/0.412, allocations: 8.609 MB / 490.8 MB, free: 24.88 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of inlineWhenForInitialization (initialization): time 4.342e-05/0.412, allocations: 110.2 kB / 490.9 MB, free: 24.76 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of selectInitializationVariablesDAE (initialization): time 0.0007641/0.4128, allocations: 0.6355 MB / 491.5 MB, free: 24.48 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of collectPreVariables (initialization): time 0.0001107/0.4129, allocations: 36.89 kB / 491.6 MB, free: 24.44 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of collectInitialEqns (initialization): time 0.000191/0.4131, allocations: 356.6 kB / 491.9 MB, free: 24.15 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of collectInitialBindings (initialization): time 0.0001872/0.4133, allocations: 242.1 kB / 492.2 MB, free: 23.97 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simplifyInitialFunctions (initialization): time 0.0001223/0.4135, allocations: 67.44 kB / 492.2 MB, free: 23.93 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of setup shared object (initialization): time 9.893e-05/0.4136, allocations: 382.1 kB / 492.6 MB, free: 23.59 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preBalanceInitialSystem (initialization): time 0.001526/0.4151, allocations: 0.553 MB / 493.1 MB, free: 23.42 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of partitionIndependentBlocks (initialization): time 0.001636/0.4167, allocations: 0.7495 MB / 493.9 MB, free: 23.03 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of analyzeInitialSystem (initialization): time 0.003241/0.42, allocations: 1.308 MB / 495.2 MB, free: 22.41 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of solveInitialSystemEqSystem (initialization): time 5.25e-06/0.42, allocations: 1.531 kB / 495.2 MB, free: 22.41 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=99) (initialization): time 0.004208/0.4242, allocations: 1.668 MB / 496.9 MB, free: 21.82 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 0.0001025/0.4243, allocations: 243.3 kB / 497.1 MB, free: 21.53 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (initialization): time 1.339e-05/0.4244, allocations: 6.781 kB / 497.1 MB, free: 21.53 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (initialization): time 0.0115/0.4359, allocations: 1.674 MB / 498.8 MB, free: 21.35 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (initialization): time 0.001271/0.4372, allocations: 265.3 kB / 499.1 MB, free: 21.33 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (initialization): time 0.002711/0.4399, allocations: 1.704 MB / 0.489 GB, free: 20.04 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (initialization): time 0.001511/0.4414, allocations: 140.5 kB / 0.4892 GB, free: 20.01 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (initialization): time 0.000167/0.4416, allocations: 66.36 kB / 0.4892 GB, free: 20.01 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 1.004e-05/0.4416, allocations: 3.812 kB / 0.4892 GB, free: 20.01 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt replaceHomotopyWithSimplified (initialization): time 0.004202/0.4458, allocations: 1.528 MB / 0.4907 GB, free: 19.51 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (initialization): time 1.24e-05/0.4458, allocations: 9.531 kB / 0.4907 GB, free: 19.5 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (initialization): time 0.002631/0.4485, allocations: 0.5032 MB / 0.4912 GB, free: 19.4 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (initialization): time 0.001467/0.45, allocations: 284.2 kB / 0.4915 GB, free: 19.38 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (initialization): time 0.004712/0.4547, allocations: 2.97 MB / 0.4944 GB, free: 16.91 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (initialization): time 0.001414/0.4561, allocations: 136.3 kB / 0.4945 GB, free: 16.88 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (initialization): time 0.0001606/0.4563, allocations: 66.08 kB / 0.4946 GB, free: 16.87 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the back-end for initialization:
 * Number of independent subsystems: 23
 * Number of states: 0 ()
 * Number of discrete variables: 0 ()
 * Number of discrete states: 0 ()
 * Number of clocked states: 0 ()
 * Top-level inputs: 0
Notification: Strong component statistics for initialization (73):
 * Single equations (assignments): 71
 * Array equations: 0
 * Algorithm blocks: 0
 * Record equations: 0
 * When equations: 0
 * If-equations: 0
 * Equation systems (not torn): 0
 * Torn equation systems: 2
 * Mixed (continuous/discrete) equation systems: 0
Notification: Torn system details for strict tearing set:
 * Linear torn systems (#iteration vars, #inner vars, density): 0 systems
 * Non-linear torn systems (#iteration vars, #inner vars): 2 systems
   {(1,10), (3,14)}
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 0.0006477/0.457, allocations: 295.6 kB / 0.4949 GB, free: 16.62 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt lateInlineFunction (simulation): time 0.0002748/0.4572, allocations: 87.06 kB / 0.4949 GB, free: 16.57 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt wrapFunctionCalls (simulation): time 0.004955/0.4622, allocations: 1.909 MB / 0.4968 GB, free: 15.91 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt inlineArrayEqn (simulation): time 1.657e-05/0.4622, allocations: 13.56 kB / 0.4968 GB, free: 15.91 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt constantLinearSystem (simulation): time 3.497e-06/0.4622, allocations: 1 kB / 0.4968 GB, free: 15.91 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifysemiLinear (simulation): time 1.032e-05/0.4623, allocations: 2.906 kB / 0.4968 GB, free: 15.91 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt removeSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.007927/0.4702, allocations: 3.029 MB / 0.4998 GB, free: 14.69 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (simulation): time 7.143e-06/0.4702, allocations: 1.25 kB / 0.4998 GB, free: 14.69 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.0009799/0.4712, allocations: 204.9 kB / 0.5 GB, free: 14.62 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (simulation): time 0.008163/0.4794, allocations: 1.395 MB / 0.5013 GB, free: 14.05 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt inputDerivativesUsed (simulation): time 0.0001934/0.4796, allocations: 28.34 kB / 0.5014 GB, free: 14.03 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (simulation): time 0.001741/0.4814, allocations: 1.599 MB / 0.5029 GB, free: 12.7 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStateSetsJacobians (simulation): time 3.366e-06/0.4814, allocations: 1.219 kB / 0.5029 GB, free: 12.7 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt symbolicJacobian (simulation): time 0.005886/0.4873, allocations: 2.321 MB / 0.5052 GB, free: 11.46 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt removeConstants (simulation): time 0.0005073/0.4878, allocations: 283.8 kB / 0.5055 GB, free: 11.2 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyTimeIndepFuncCalls (simulation): time 0.0001921/0.488, allocations: 15.72 kB / 0.5055 GB, free: 11.19 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (simulation): time 0.001275/0.4893, allocations: 131.5 kB / 0.5056 GB, free: 11.13 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt findZeroCrossings (simulation): time 0.0001467/0.4895, allocations: 60.12 kB / 0.5057 GB, free: 11.1 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (simulation): time 9.773e-05/0.4896, allocations: 44.42 kB / 0.5057 GB, free: 11.08 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of sorting global known variables: time 0.000522/0.4901, allocations: 447.8 kB / 0.5061 GB, free: 10.83 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of sort global known variables: time 1.91e-07/0.4901, allocations: 0 / 0.5061 GB, free: 10.83 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of remove unused functions: time 0.002034/0.4922, allocations: 0.5978 MB / 0.5067 GB, free: 10.74 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the back-end for simulation:
 * Number of independent subsystems: 1
 * Number of states: 1 (pump.medium.T)
 * Number of discrete variables: 0 ()
 * Number of discrete states: 0 ()
 * Number of clocked states: 0 ()
 * Top-level inputs: 0
Notification: Strong component statistics for simulation (63):
 * Single equations (assignments): 57
 * Array equations: 0
 * Algorithm blocks: 0
 * Record equations: 4
 * When equations: 0
 * If-equations: 0
 * Equation systems (not torn): 0
 * Torn equation systems: 2
 * Mixed (continuous/discrete) equation systems: 0
Notification: Torn system details for strict tearing set:
 * Linear torn systems (#iteration vars, #inner vars, density): 0 systems
 * Non-linear torn systems (#iteration vars, #inner vars): 2 systems
   {(1,6), (3,23)}
Notification: Performance of Backend phase and start with SimCode phase: time 0.00121/0.4934, allocations: 429.8 kB / 0.5071 GB, free: 10.51 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created initialization part: time 0.007115/0.5005, allocations: 2.292 MB / 0.5094 GB, free: 9.367 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created event and clocks part: time 5.24e-06/0.5005, allocations: 3 kB / 0.5094 GB, free: 9.367 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created simulation system equations: time 0.001675/0.5022, allocations: 0.7046 MB / 0.5101 GB, free: 9.039 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created of all other equations (e.g. parameter, nominal, assert, etc): time 0.002122/0.5044, allocations: 366.1 kB / 0.5104 GB, free: 8.859 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created linear, non-linear and system jacobian parts: time 0.003041/0.5074, allocations: 2.127 MB / 0.5125 GB, free: 7.328 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: some other stuff during SimCode phase: time 0.000298/0.5077, allocations: 0.9729 MB / 0.5134 GB, free: 6.324 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: alias equations: time 0.001231/0.509, allocations: 270.9 kB / 0.5137 GB, free: 6.055 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: all other stuff during SimCode phase: time 0.0003424/0.5093, allocations: 107.3 kB / 0.5138 GB, free: 5.949 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of SimCode: time 9.32e-07/0.5093, allocations: 0 / 0.5138 GB, free: 5.949 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of Templates: time 0.04492/0.5542, allocations: 29.65 MB / 0.5427 GB, free: 8.324 MB / 414.1 MB
make -j1 -f ModelicaTest_3.2.1_ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation.makefile
Environment - environmentSimulation:
(rm -f ModelicaTest_3.2.1_ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation.pipe ; mkfifo ModelicaTest_3.2.1_ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation.pipe ; head -c 1048576 < ModelicaTest_3.2.1_ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation.pipe >> ../files/ModelicaTest_3.2.1_ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation.sim & ./ModelicaTest_3.2.1_ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation  -abortSlowSimulation -alarm=480 -lv LOG_STATS > ModelicaTest_3.2.1_ModelicaTest.Fluid.TestComponents.Machines.TestWaterPumpRecirculation.pipe 2>&1)
Environment - environmentSimulation: