Running: ./testmodel.py --libraries=/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ --ompython_omhome=/usr BuildSysPro_BuildSysPro.IBPSA.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.SeriesFlowOptimised.conf.json
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/BuildSysPro 3.5.0-master/package.mo", uses=false)
Using package BuildSysPro with version 3.5.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/BuildSysPro 3.5.0-master/package.mo)
Using package Modelica with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo)
Using package Complex with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo)
Using package ModelicaServices with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo)
Running command: "" <> buildModelFMU(BuildSysPro.IBPSA.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.SeriesFlowOptimised,fileNamePrefix="BuildSysPro_BuildSysPro_IBPSA_Fluid_Examples_Performance_PressureDrop_SeriesFlowOptimised",fmuType="me",version="2.0",platforms={"static"})
"" <> buildModelFMU(BuildSysPro.IBPSA.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.SeriesFlowOptimised,fileNamePrefix="BuildSysPro_BuildSysPro_IBPSA_Fluid_Examples_Performance_PressureDrop_SeriesFlowOptimised",fmuType="me",version="2.0",platforms={"static"})
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.0009173/0.0009171, allocations: 99.86 kB / 15.05 MB, free: 1.105 MB / 14.72 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.0009519/0.0009519, allocations: 177.3 kB / 15.94 MB, free: 228 kB / 14.72 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 1.437/1.437, allocations: 223.2 MB / 239.9 MB, free: 5.336 MB / 190.1 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/BuildSysPro 3.5.0-master/package.mo): time 1.058/1.058, allocations: 143.3 MB / 434.3 MB, free: 13.49 MB / 350.1 MB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - loaded program: time 0.0003346/0.0003348, allocations: 8 kB / 0.5159 GB, free: 11.22 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - Absyn->SCode: time 0.1691/0.1694, allocations: 83.41 MB / 0.5974 GB, free: 7.754 MB / 0.4981 GB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.instantiate(BuildSysPro.IBPSA.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.SeriesFlowOptimised): time 0.4711/0.6406, allocations: 135.7 MB / 0.7299 GB, free: 15.93 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.instExpressions: time 0.003432/0.6441, allocations: 1.665 MB / 0.7315 GB, free: 14.78 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.updateImplicitVariability: time 0.0003573/0.6444, allocations: 9.688 kB / 0.7315 GB, free: 14.78 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeComponents: time 0.0006922/0.6452, allocations: 183 kB / 0.7317 GB, free: 14.67 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeBindings: time 0.001593/0.6468, allocations: 0.4952 MB / 0.7322 GB, free: 14.37 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeClassSections: time 0.001432/0.6482, allocations: 419 kB / 0.7326 GB, free: 14.17 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.flatten: time 0.002132/0.6503, allocations: 1.484 MB / 0.734 GB, free: 13.44 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.resolveConnections: time 0.00117/0.6515, allocations: 0.7027 MB / 0.7347 GB, free: 13.19 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFEvalConstants.evaluate: time 0.001415/0.6529, allocations: 0.7011 MB / 0.7354 GB, free: 12.84 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFSimplifyModel.simplify: time 0.0006705/0.6536, allocations: 487.5 kB / 0.7359 GB, free: 12.64 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFPackage.collectConstants: time 9.05e-05/0.6537, allocations: 38.42 kB / 0.7359 GB, free: 12.64 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.collectFunctions: time 0.001144/0.6549, allocations: 411.4 kB / 0.7363 GB, free: 12.34 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFScalarize.scalarize: time 0.000296/0.6552, allocations: 259.8 kB / 0.7366 GB, free: 12.15 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFVerifyModel.verify: time 0.0002532/0.6555, allocations: 229.1 kB / 0.7368 GB, free: 11.92 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFConvertDAE.convert: time 0.00127/0.6567, allocations: 1.008 MB / 0.7378 GB, free: 11.3 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - DAE generated: time 2.775e-06/0.6567, allocations: 4 kB / 0.7378 GB, free: 11.3 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd: time 3.226e-06/0.6568, allocations: 4.844 kB / 0.7378 GB, free: 11.3 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of Transformations before backend: time 1.601e-05/0.6568, allocations: 3.938 kB / 0.7378 GB, free: 11.29 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the front-end and creating the data structures used by the back-end:
 * Number of equations: 126
 * Number of variables: 126
Notification: Performance of Generate backend data structure: time 0.00226/0.659, allocations: 1.285 MB / 0.739 GB, free: 10.07 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of prepare preOptimizeDAE: time 4.157e-05/0.6591, allocations: 8.031 kB / 0.739 GB, free: 10.07 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt introduceOutputAliases (simulation): time 0.0001201/0.6592, allocations: 95.31 kB / 0.7391 GB, free: 9.977 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt normalInlineFunction (simulation): time 0.0007486/0.66, allocations: 180.5 kB / 0.7393 GB, free: 9.816 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt evaluateParameters (simulation): time 0.001574/0.6616, allocations: 0.7956 MB / 0.7401 GB, free: 9.09 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt simplifyIfEquations (simulation): time 4.155e-05/0.6616, allocations: 50.03 kB / 0.7401 GB, free: 9.043 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt expandDerOperator (simulation): time 8.402e-05/0.6617, allocations: 60 kB / 0.7402 GB, free: 8.984 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt clockPartitioning (simulation): time 0.00124/0.663, allocations: 0.7943 MB / 0.741 GB, free: 8.27 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt findStateOrder (simulation): time 1.452e-05/0.663, allocations: 0 / 0.741 GB, free: 8.27 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt replaceEdgeChange (simulation): time 6.124e-05/0.663, allocations: 24 kB / 0.741 GB, free: 8.246 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt inlineArrayEqn (simulation): time 1.769e-05/0.6631, allocations: 12 kB / 0.741 GB, free: 8.234 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt removeEqualRHS (simulation): time 0.0009659/0.664, allocations: 0.5433 MB / 0.7415 GB, free: 7.793 MB / 0.5606 GB
Warning: The model contains alias variables with redundant start and/or conflicting nominal values. It is recommended to resolve the conflicts, because otherwise the system could be hard to solve. To print the conflicting alias sets and the chosen candidates please use -d=aliasConflicts.
Notification: Performance of preOpt removeSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.004481/0.6685, allocations: 4.606 MB / 0.746 GB, free: 3.227 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt comSubExp (simulation): time 0.0007599/0.6693, allocations: 441.4 kB / 0.7464 GB, free: 2.844 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt evalFunc (simulation): time 7.783e-05/0.6694, allocations: 11.98 kB / 0.7464 GB, free: 2.832 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt encapsulateWhenConditions (simulation): time 0.0004889/0.6699, allocations: 305.7 kB / 0.7467 GB, free: 2.516 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of pre-optimization done (n=31): time 2.124e-06/0.6699, allocations: 0 / 0.7467 GB, free: 2.516 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=31): time 0.001415/0.6713, allocations: 0.6462 MB / 0.7474 GB, free: 1.863 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of inlineWhenForInitialization (initialization): time 6.907e-05/0.6714, allocations: 106.8 kB / 0.7475 GB, free: 1.734 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of selectInitializationVariablesDAE (initialization): time 0.0014/0.6728, allocations: 1.11 MB / 0.7486 GB, free: 0.6055 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of collectPreVariables (initialization): time 5.211e-05/0.6729, allocations: 37.7 kB / 0.7486 GB, free: 0.5625 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of collectInitialEqns (initialization): time 0.0004119/0.6733, allocations: 500 kB / 0.7491 GB, free: 68 kB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of collectInitialBindings (initialization): time 9.556e-05/0.6734, allocations: 106.7 kB / 0.7492 GB, free: 15.96 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of simplifyInitialFunctions (initialization): time 2.301e-05/0.6734, allocations: 8 kB / 0.7492 GB, free: 15.95 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of setup shared object (initialization): time 0.0001267/0.6736, allocations: 334.1 kB / 0.7495 GB, free: 15.62 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preBalanceInitialSystem (initialization): time 0.0003267/0.6739, allocations: 184.7 kB / 0.7497 GB, free: 15.44 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of partitionIndependentBlocks (initialization): time 0.0006021/0.6745, allocations: 0.5056 MB / 0.7502 GB, free: 14.8 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of analyzeInitialSystem (initialization): time 0.000437/0.675, allocations: 292.5 kB / 0.7504 GB, free: 14.51 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of solveInitialSystemEqSystem (initialization): time 5.53e-06/0.675, allocations: 4 kB / 0.7505 GB, free: 14.5 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=54) (initialization): time 0.001059/0.676, allocations: 0.674 MB / 0.7511 GB, free: 13.82 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 0.000947/0.677, allocations: 2.129 MB / 0.7532 GB, free: 11.53 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (initialization): time 1.188e-05/0.677, allocations: 8 kB / 0.7532 GB, free: 11.52 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (initialization): time 1.741e-05/0.677, allocations: 8.047 kB / 0.7532 GB, free: 11.51 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (initialization): time 0.0004903/0.6775, allocations: 120.4 kB / 0.7533 GB, free: 11.39 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (initialization): time 1.555e-05/0.6776, allocations: 11.94 kB / 0.7533 GB, free: 11.38 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (initialization): time 0.0007082/0.6783, allocations: 107.4 kB / 0.7534 GB, free: 11.28 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (initialization): time 5.182e-05/0.6783, allocations: 24 kB / 0.7535 GB, free: 11.25 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 7.424e-06/0.6784, allocations: 4 kB / 0.7535 GB, free: 11.25 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt replaceHomotopyWithSimplified (initialization): time 0.0008727/0.6792, allocations: 0.5443 MB / 0.754 GB, free: 10.7 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (initialization): time 7.314e-06/0.6793, allocations: 7.938 kB / 0.754 GB, free: 10.7 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (initialization): time 1.043e-05/0.6793, allocations: 8 kB / 0.754 GB, free: 10.69 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (initialization): time 0.0003556/0.6796, allocations: 107.8 kB / 0.7541 GB, free: 10.58 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (initialization): time 1.155e-05/0.6797, allocations: 15.92 kB / 0.7541 GB, free: 10.57 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (initialization): time 0.0005905/0.6802, allocations: 93.5 kB / 0.7542 GB, free: 10.48 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (initialization): time 4.035e-05/0.6803, allocations: 27.98 kB / 0.7542 GB, free: 10.45 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the back-end for initialization:
 * Number of independent subsystems: 24
 * Number of states: 0 ()
 * Number of discrete variables: 5 ($whenCondition1,$PRE.pulse_p.T_start,pulse_p.T_start,$PRE.pulse_p.count,pulse_p.count)
 * Number of discrete states: 0 ()
 * Number of clocked states: 0 ()
 * Top-level inputs: 0
Notification: Strong component statistics for initialization (53):
 * Single equations (assignments): 52
 * Array equations: 0
 * Algorithm blocks: 1
 * Record equations: 0
 * When equations: 0
 * If-equations: 0
 * Equation systems (linear and non-linear blocks): 0
 * Torn equation systems: 0
 * Mixed (continuous/discrete) equation systems: 0
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 0.0005577/0.6809, allocations: 474.5 kB / 0.7547 GB, free: 9.977 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt lateInlineFunction (simulation): time 0.0001091/0.681, allocations: 94.78 kB / 0.7548 GB, free: 9.883 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt wrapFunctionCalls (simulation): time 0.0008474/0.6818, allocations: 488 kB / 0.7552 GB, free: 9.398 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt inlineArrayEqn (simulation): time 7.444e-06/0.6819, allocations: 4 kB / 0.7553 GB, free: 9.395 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt constantLinearSystem (simulation): time 6.552e-06/0.6819, allocations: 0 / 0.7553 GB, free: 9.395 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifysemiLinear (simulation): time 5.57e-06/0.6819, allocations: 0 / 0.7553 GB, free: 9.395 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt removeSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.001553/0.6834, allocations: 1.102 MB / 0.7563 GB, free: 8.215 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (simulation): time 4.929e-06/0.6835, allocations: 4 kB / 0.7563 GB, free: 8.211 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.000263/0.6837, allocations: 67.89 kB / 0.7564 GB, free: 8.145 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (simulation): time 6.573e-06/0.6837, allocations: 7.953 kB / 0.7564 GB, free: 8.137 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt inputDerivativesUsed (simulation): time 2.364e-05/0.6838, allocations: 11.98 kB / 0.7564 GB, free: 8.125 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (simulation): time 6.963e-06/0.6838, allocations: 7.938 kB / 0.7564 GB, free: 8.117 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStateSetsJacobians (simulation): time 2.335e-06/0.6838, allocations: 224 / 0.7564 GB, free: 8.117 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt symbolicJacobian (simulation): time 0.0009466/0.6847, allocations: 0.6329 MB / 0.757 GB, free: 7.406 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt removeConstants (simulation): time 0.0003379/0.6851, allocations: 227.7 kB / 0.7573 GB, free: 7.164 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyTimeIndepFuncCalls (simulation): time 0.0001072/0.6852, allocations: 8 kB / 0.7573 GB, free: 7.156 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (simulation): time 0.0004373/0.6856, allocations: 55.8 kB / 0.7573 GB, free: 7.102 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt findZeroCrossings (simulation): time 8.982e-05/0.6857, allocations: 35.89 kB / 0.7574 GB, free: 7.066 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (simulation): time 2.105e-05/0.6858, allocations: 8 kB / 0.7574 GB, free: 7.059 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of sorting global known variables: time 0.0009954/0.6868, allocations: 0.7836 MB / 0.7581 GB, free: 6.266 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of sort global known variables: time 1.1e-07/0.6868, allocations: 0 / 0.7581 GB, free: 6.266 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of remove unused functions: time 0.001077/0.6879, allocations: 415.4 kB / 0.7585 GB, free: 5.859 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the back-end for simulation:
 * Number of independent subsystems: 8
 * Number of states: 0 ()
 * Number of discrete variables: 3 ($whenCondition1,pulse_p.T_start,pulse_p.count)
 * Number of discrete states: 1 (pulse_p.count)
 * Number of clocked states: 0 ()
 * Top-level inputs: 0
Notification: Strong component statistics for simulation (31):
 * Single equations (assignments): 29
 * Array equations: 0
 * Algorithm blocks: 0
 * Record equations: 0
 * When equations: 2
 * If-equations: 0
 * Equation systems (linear and non-linear blocks): 0
 * Torn equation systems: 0
 * Mixed (continuous/discrete) equation systems: 0
Notification: Performance of Backend phase and start with SimCode phase: time 0.00201/0.6899, allocations: 1.733 MB / 0.7602 GB, free: 4.062 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created initialization part: time 0.001351/0.6912, allocations: 0.8011 MB / 0.761 GB, free: 3.238 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created event and clocks part: time 2.946e-06/0.6913, allocations: 0 / 0.761 GB, free: 3.238 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created simulation system equations: time 0.0003668/0.6916, allocations: 209.6 kB / 0.7612 GB, free: 3.035 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created of all other equations (e.g. parameter, nominal, assert, etc): time 0.001917/0.6936, allocations: 446.5 kB / 0.7616 GB, free: 2.609 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created linear, non-linear and system jacobian parts: time 0.01401/0.7076, allocations: 9.545 MB / 0.7709 GB, free: 8.75 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: some other stuff during SimCode phase: time 0.0009273/0.7086, allocations: 1.197 MB / 0.7721 GB, free: 7.523 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: alias equations: time 0.001358/0.7099, allocations: 431.4 kB / 0.7725 GB, free: 7.098 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: all other stuff during SimCode phase: time 0.0004515/0.7104, allocations: 327.3 kB / 0.7728 GB, free: 6.777 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of SimCode: time 1.032e-06/0.7104, allocations: 0 / 0.7728 GB, free: 6.777 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of buildModelFMU: Generate the FMI files: time 0.04617/0.7566, allocations: 25.57 MB / 0.7978 GB, free: 13.66 MB / 0.6231 GB
Notification: Performance of buildModelFMU: configured platform static using cached values: time 0.0003327/0.757, allocations: 248.5 kB / 0.798 GB, free: 13.32 MB / 0.6231 GB
Notification: Performance of buildModelFMU: Generate platform static: time 2.373/3.13, allocations: 1.562 kB / 0.798 GB, free: 13.32 MB / 0.6231 GB
(rm -f BuildSysPro_BuildSysPro.IBPSA.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.SeriesFlowOptimised.pipe ; mkfifo BuildSysPro_BuildSysPro.IBPSA.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.SeriesFlowOptimised.pipe ; head -c 1048576 < BuildSysPro_BuildSysPro.IBPSA.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.SeriesFlowOptimised.pipe >> ../files/BuildSysPro_BuildSysPro.IBPSA.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.SeriesFlowOptimised.sim & /home/hudson/saved_omc/OMSimulator/install/linux/bin/OMSimulator  --tempDir=temp_BuildSysPro_BuildSysPro_IBPSA_Fluid_Examples_Performance_PressureDrop_SeriesFlowOptimised_fmu --startTime=0 --stopTime=1 --timeout=50 --tolerance=1e-06 BuildSysPro_BuildSysPro_IBPSA_Fluid_Examples_Performance_PressureDrop_SeriesFlowOptimised.fmu > BuildSysPro_BuildSysPro.IBPSA.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.SeriesFlowOptimised.pipe 2>&1)
Environment - environmentSimulation: