Running: ./testmodel.py --libraries=/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ --ompython_omhome=/usr IDEAS_IDEAS.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.ParallelDpOptimised.conf.json
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/IDEAS 3.0.0/package.mo", uses=false)
Using package IDEAS with version 3.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/IDEAS 3.0.0/package.mo)
Using package Modelica with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo)
Using package Complex with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo)
Using package ModelicaServices with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo)
Running command: "" <> buildModelFMU(IDEAS.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.ParallelDpOptimised,fileNamePrefix="IDEAS_IDEAS_Fluid_Examples_Performance_PressureDrop_ParallelDpOptimised",fmuType="me",version="2.0",platforms={"static"})
"" <> buildModelFMU(IDEAS.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.ParallelDpOptimised,fileNamePrefix="IDEAS_IDEAS_Fluid_Examples_Performance_PressureDrop_ParallelDpOptimised",fmuType="me",version="2.0",platforms={"static"})
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.0009479/0.0009478, allocations: 84.38 kB / 15.06 MB, free: 1.09 MB / 14.72 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.0007973/0.0007973, allocations: 168.7 kB / 15.95 MB, free: 204 kB / 14.72 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 1.297/1.297, allocations: 223.2 MB / 240 MB, free: 5.406 MB / 190.1 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/IDEAS 3.0.0/package.mo): time 0.7318/0.7318, allocations: 132.3 MB / 423.4 MB, free: 2.078 MB / 350.1 MB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - loaded program: time 0.0002978/0.0002978, allocations: 8 kB / 0.5035 GB, free: 4.168 MB / 366.1 MB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - Absyn->SCode: time 0.3754/0.3757, allocations: 81.58 MB / 0.5832 GB, free: 4.008 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.instantiate(IDEAS.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.ParallelDpOptimised): time 0.1509/0.5266, allocations: 146.7 MB / 0.7265 GB, free: 13.47 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.instExpressions: time 0.004589/0.5313, allocations: 3.37 MB / 0.7298 GB, free: 10.1 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.updateImplicitVariability: time 0.0003549/0.5317, allocations: 11.94 kB / 0.7298 GB, free: 10.09 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeComponents: time 0.000476/0.5321, allocations: 111.2 kB / 0.7299 GB, free: 9.98 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeBindings: time 0.001135/0.5333, allocations: 386.1 kB / 0.7302 GB, free: 9.602 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeClassSections: time 0.001148/0.5345, allocations: 380.3 kB / 0.7306 GB, free: 9.238 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.flatten: time 0.002971/0.5374, allocations: 3.015 MB / 0.7335 GB, free: 6.211 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.resolveConnections: time 0.002606/0.5401, allocations: 2.156 MB / 0.7357 GB, free: 4.039 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFEvalConstants.evaluate: time 0.001588/0.5417, allocations: 0.8714 MB / 0.7365 GB, free: 3.164 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFSimplifyModel.simplify: time 0.001167/0.5428, allocations: 0.7079 MB / 0.7372 GB, free: 2.453 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFPackage.collectConstants: time 0.0001751/0.543, allocations: 36 kB / 0.7372 GB, free: 2.418 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.collectFunctions: time 0.00141/0.5444, allocations: 0.5497 MB / 0.7378 GB, free: 1.867 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFScalarize.scalarize: time 0.0003542/0.5448, allocations: 286.9 kB / 0.738 GB, free: 1.586 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFVerifyModel.verify: time 0.0004418/0.5453, allocations: 229.1 kB / 0.7383 GB, free: 1.355 MB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of NFConvertDAE.convert: time 0.00131/0.5466, allocations: 1.041 MB / 0.7393 GB, free: 320 kB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - DAE generated: time 5.2e-06/0.5466, allocations: 0 / 0.7393 GB, free: 320 kB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd: time 7.484e-06/0.5466, allocations: 3.984 kB / 0.7393 GB, free: 316 kB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Performance of Transformations before backend: time 3.778e-05/0.5467, allocations: 0 / 0.7393 GB, free: 316 kB / 0.5606 GB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the front-end and creating the data structures used by the back-end:
 * Number of equations: 125
 * Number of variables: 125
Notification: Performance of Generate backend data structure: time 0.00207/0.5487, allocations: 1.327 MB / 0.7406 GB, free: 14.92 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of prepare preOptimizeDAE: time 3.829e-05/0.5488, allocations: 12.03 kB / 0.7406 GB, free: 14.91 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt introduceOutputAliases (simulation): time 0.0001316/0.5489, allocations: 98.52 kB / 0.7407 GB, free: 14.8 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt normalInlineFunction (simulation): time 0.000758/0.5497, allocations: 190.4 kB / 0.7409 GB, free: 14.62 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt evaluateParameters (simulation): time 0.001334/0.551, allocations: 0.8041 MB / 0.7416 GB, free: 13.76 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt simplifyIfEquations (simulation): time 3.449e-05/0.5511, allocations: 41 kB / 0.7417 GB, free: 13.72 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt expandDerOperator (simulation): time 8.026e-05/0.5512, allocations: 68 kB / 0.7417 GB, free: 13.65 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt clockPartitioning (simulation): time 0.001148/0.5523, allocations: 0.8161 MB / 0.7425 GB, free: 12.76 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt findStateOrder (simulation): time 1.359e-05/0.5524, allocations: 4 kB / 0.7425 GB, free: 12.76 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt replaceEdgeChange (simulation): time 5.056e-05/0.5524, allocations: 27.94 kB / 0.7426 GB, free: 12.73 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt inlineArrayEqn (simulation): time 1.391e-05/0.5524, allocations: 15.98 kB / 0.7426 GB, free: 12.71 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt removeEqualRHS (simulation): time 0.000888/0.5533, allocations: 0.5657 MB / 0.7431 GB, free: 12.15 MB / 0.5762 GB
Warning: The model contains alias variables with redundant start and/or conflicting nominal values. It is recommended to resolve the conflicts, because otherwise the system could be hard to solve. To print the conflicting alias sets and the chosen candidates please use -d=aliasConflicts.
Notification: Performance of preOpt removeSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.003532/0.5569, allocations: 4.255 MB / 0.7473 GB, free: 7.625 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt comSubExp (simulation): time 0.0006869/0.5576, allocations: 462.1 kB / 0.7477 GB, free: 7.164 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt resolveLoops (simulation): time 0.0004542/0.558, allocations: 345.3 kB / 0.7481 GB, free: 6.824 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt evalFunc (simulation): time 0.0002643/0.5583, allocations: 198.2 kB / 0.7483 GB, free: 6.594 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt encapsulateWhenConditions (simulation): time 0.0005036/0.5588, allocations: 335 kB / 0.7486 GB, free: 6.246 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preOpt simplifyInStream (simulation): time 0.0001817/0.559, allocations: 35.62 kB / 0.7486 GB, free: 6.211 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of pre-optimization done (n=33): time 1.603e-06/0.559, allocations: 0 / 0.7486 GB, free: 6.211 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=33): time 0.001276/0.5603, allocations: 0.7095 MB / 0.7493 GB, free: 5.496 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of inlineWhenForInitialization (initialization): time 4.693e-05/0.5604, allocations: 81.11 kB / 0.7494 GB, free: 5.398 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of selectInitializationVariablesDAE (initialization): time 0.001263/0.5616, allocations: 1.151 MB / 0.7505 GB, free: 4.23 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of collectPreVariables (initialization): time 4.148e-05/0.5617, allocations: 41.7 kB / 0.7505 GB, free: 4.184 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of collectInitialEqns (initialization): time 0.0003745/0.5621, allocations: 488.4 kB / 0.751 GB, free: 3.703 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of collectInitialBindings (initialization): time 9.519e-05/0.5622, allocations: 114.4 kB / 0.7511 GB, free: 3.59 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of simplifyInitialFunctions (initialization): time 2.677e-05/0.5622, allocations: 12 kB / 0.7511 GB, free: 3.578 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of setup shared object (initialization): time 0.0001093/0.5623, allocations: 334 kB / 0.7515 GB, free: 3.246 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of preBalanceInitialSystem (initialization): time 0.0003495/0.5627, allocations: 205 kB / 0.7516 GB, free: 3.047 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of partitionIndependentBlocks (initialization): time 0.0005911/0.5633, allocations: 0.5226 MB / 0.7522 GB, free: 2.395 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of analyzeInitialSystem (initialization): time 0.0004654/0.5637, allocations: 314.7 kB / 0.7525 GB, free: 2.082 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of solveInitialSystemEqSystem (initialization): time 4.348e-06/0.5638, allocations: 0 / 0.7525 GB, free: 2.082 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=56) (initialization): time 0.001118/0.5649, allocations: 0.7264 MB / 0.7532 GB, free: 1.344 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 0.0001777/0.5651, allocations: 274.8 kB / 0.7534 GB, free: 0.9922 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (initialization): time 1.019e-05/0.5651, allocations: 7.938 kB / 0.7534 GB, free: 0.9844 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (initialization): time 2.221e-05/0.5651, allocations: 16 kB / 0.7535 GB, free: 0.9688 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (initialization): time 0.0004602/0.5656, allocations: 116 kB / 0.7536 GB, free: 0.8555 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (initialization): time 2.183e-05/0.5656, allocations: 19.83 kB / 0.7536 GB, free: 0.8359 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (initialization): time 0.0006941/0.5663, allocations: 87.75 kB / 0.7537 GB, free: 0.75 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (initialization): time 5.007e-05/0.5664, allocations: 27.98 kB / 0.7537 GB, free: 0.7227 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 7.844e-06/0.5664, allocations: 6.031 kB / 0.7537 GB, free: 0.7188 MB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt replaceHomotopyWithSimplified (initialization): time 0.000887/0.5673, allocations: 0.5835 MB / 0.7543 GB, free: 132 kB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (initialization): time 7.965e-06/0.5673, allocations: 8 kB / 0.7543 GB, free: 124 kB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (initialization): time 9.107e-06/0.5673, allocations: 8 kB / 0.7543 GB, free: 116 kB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (initialization): time 0.000402/0.5677, allocations: 111.8 kB / 0.7544 GB, free: 4 kB / 0.5762 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (initialization): time 2.462e-05/0.5678, allocations: 12.05 kB / 0.7544 GB, free: 15.99 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (initialization): time 0.0006692/0.5684, allocations: 87.97 kB / 0.7545 GB, free: 15.91 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (initialization): time 4.129e-05/0.5685, allocations: 31.94 kB / 0.7545 GB, free: 15.88 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the back-end for initialization:
 * Number of independent subsystems: 24
 * Number of states: 0 ()
 * Number of discrete variables: 5 ($whenCondition1,$PRE.pulse_p.T_start,pulse_p.T_start,$PRE.pulse_p.count,pulse_p.count)
 * Number of discrete states: 0 ()
 * Number of clocked states: 0 ()
 * Top-level inputs: 0
Notification: Strong component statistics for initialization (55):
 * Single equations (assignments): 54
 * Array equations: 0
 * Algorithm blocks: 1
 * Record equations: 0
 * When equations: 0
 * If-equations: 0
 * Equation systems (linear and non-linear blocks): 0
 * Torn equation systems: 0
 * Mixed (continuous/discrete) equation systems: 0
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 0.0004349/0.5689, allocations: 478 kB / 0.755 GB, free: 15.4 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt lateInlineFunction (simulation): time 0.0001053/0.569, allocations: 98.78 kB / 0.7551 GB, free: 15.3 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt wrapFunctionCalls (simulation): time 0.0008966/0.5699, allocations: 0.5504 MB / 0.7556 GB, free: 14.74 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt inlineArrayEqn (simulation): time 6.101e-06/0.57, allocations: 4 kB / 0.7556 GB, free: 14.73 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt constantLinearSystem (simulation): time 4.819e-06/0.57, allocations: 0 / 0.7556 GB, free: 14.73 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifysemiLinear (simulation): time 6.392e-06/0.57, allocations: 7.984 kB / 0.7556 GB, free: 14.73 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt removeSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.001924/0.5719, allocations: 1.497 MB / 0.7571 GB, free: 13.15 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (simulation): time 3.016e-06/0.5719, allocations: 224 / 0.7571 GB, free: 13.15 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.0002942/0.5722, allocations: 75.88 kB / 0.7571 GB, free: 13.08 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (simulation): time 7.975e-06/0.5723, allocations: 7.953 kB / 0.7572 GB, free: 13.07 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt inputDerivativesUsed (simulation): time 2.536e-05/0.5723, allocations: 12 kB / 0.7572 GB, free: 13.06 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (simulation): time 4.869e-06/0.5723, allocations: 4 kB / 0.7572 GB, free: 13.05 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStateSetsJacobians (simulation): time 5.13e-06/0.5723, allocations: 11.92 kB / 0.7572 GB, free: 13.04 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt symbolicJacobian (simulation): time 0.000809/0.5731, allocations: 0.6682 MB / 0.7578 GB, free: 12.34 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt removeConstants (simulation): time 0.0002938/0.5734, allocations: 227.8 kB / 0.7581 GB, free: 12.1 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyTimeIndepFuncCalls (simulation): time 0.0001155/0.5735, allocations: 15.94 kB / 0.7581 GB, free: 12.08 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (simulation): time 0.0005706/0.5741, allocations: 67.77 kB / 0.7581 GB, free: 12.02 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt findZeroCrossings (simulation): time 7.281e-05/0.5742, allocations: 31.84 kB / 0.7582 GB, free: 11.98 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (simulation): time 2.699e-05/0.5742, allocations: 15.98 kB / 0.7582 GB, free: 11.97 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of sorting global known variables: time 0.0009417/0.5752, allocations: 0.8198 MB / 0.759 GB, free: 11.14 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of sort global known variables: time 2.5e-07/0.5752, allocations: 0 / 0.759 GB, free: 11.14 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of remove unused functions: time 0.001023/0.5762, allocations: 427.4 kB / 0.7594 GB, free: 10.72 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the back-end for simulation:
 * Number of independent subsystems: 8
 * Number of states: 0 ()
 * Number of discrete variables: 3 ($whenCondition1,pulse_p.T_start,pulse_p.count)
 * Number of discrete states: 1 (pulse_p.count)
 * Number of clocked states: 0 ()
 * Top-level inputs: 0
Notification: Strong component statistics for simulation (33):
 * Single equations (assignments): 31
 * Array equations: 0
 * Algorithm blocks: 0
 * Record equations: 0
 * When equations: 2
 * If-equations: 0
 * Equation systems (linear and non-linear blocks): 0
 * Torn equation systems: 0
 * Mixed (continuous/discrete) equation systems: 0
Notification: Performance of Backend phase and start with SimCode phase: time 0.001357/0.5776, allocations: 1.295 MB / 0.7606 GB, free: 9.391 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created initialization part: time 0.001305/0.5789, allocations: 0.873 MB / 0.7615 GB, free: 8.496 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created event and clocks part: time 2.885e-06/0.5789, allocations: 0 / 0.7615 GB, free: 8.496 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created simulation system equations: time 0.0003704/0.5793, allocations: 240.8 kB / 0.7617 GB, free: 8.262 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created of all other equations (e.g. parameter, nominal, assert, etc): time 0.00265/0.582, allocations: 0.63 MB / 0.7623 GB, free: 7.645 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created linear, non-linear and system jacobian parts: time 0.01032/0.5923, allocations: 6.487 MB / 0.7687 GB, free: 0.8438 MB / 0.5919 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: some other stuff during SimCode phase: time 0.0006613/0.593, allocations: 1.182 MB / 0.7698 GB, free: 15.63 MB / 0.6075 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: alias equations: time 0.001114/0.5941, allocations: 440 kB / 0.7703 GB, free: 15.2 MB / 0.6075 GB
Notification: Performance of simCode: all other stuff during SimCode phase: time 0.0004352/0.5945, allocations: 343.3 kB / 0.7706 GB, free: 14.86 MB / 0.6075 GB
Notification: Performance of SimCode: time 3.21e-07/0.5945, allocations: 3.938 kB / 0.7706 GB, free: 14.86 MB / 0.6075 GB
Notification: Performance of buildModelFMU: Generate the FMI files: time 0.04642/0.641, allocations: 28.49 MB / 0.7984 GB, free: 2.859 MB / 0.6231 GB
Notification: Performance of buildModelFMU: configured platform static using cached values: time 0.0001563/0.6411, allocations: 235.2 kB / 0.7986 GB, free: 2.621 MB / 0.6231 GB
Notification: Performance of buildModelFMU: Generate platform static: time 2.163/2.804, allocations: 0 / 0.7986 GB, free: 2.621 MB / 0.6231 GB
(rm -f IDEAS_IDEAS.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.ParallelDpOptimised.pipe ; mkfifo IDEAS_IDEAS.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.ParallelDpOptimised.pipe ; head -c 1048576 < IDEAS_IDEAS.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.ParallelDpOptimised.pipe >> ../files/IDEAS_IDEAS.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.ParallelDpOptimised.sim & /home/hudson/saved_omc/OMSimulator/install/linux/bin/OMSimulator  --tempDir=temp_IDEAS_IDEAS_Fluid_Examples_Performance_PressureDrop_ParallelDpOptimised_fmu --startTime=0 --stopTime=1 --timeout=50 --tolerance=1e-06 IDEAS_IDEAS_Fluid_Examples_Performance_PressureDrop_ParallelDpOptimised.fmu > IDEAS_IDEAS.Fluid.Examples.Performance.PressureDrop.ParallelDpOptimised.pipe 2>&1)
Environment - environmentSimulation: