Running: ./testmodel.py --libraries=/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ --ompython_omhome=/usr Modelica_3.2.2_Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature.conf.json
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
loadFile("/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 3.2.3+maint.om/package.mo", uses=false)
Using package Modelica with version 3.2.3 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 3.2.3+maint.om/package.mo)
Using package Complex with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo)
Using package ModelicaServices with version 4.0.0 (/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo)
Running command: translateModel(Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature,tolerance=1e-06,outputFormat="empty",numberOfIntervals=5000,variableFilter="",fileNamePrefix="Modelica_3.2.2_Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature")
translateModel(Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature,tolerance=1e-06,outputFormat="empty",numberOfIntervals=5000,variableFilter="",fileNamePrefix="Modelica_3.2.2_Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature")
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/ModelicaServices 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.001054/0.001053, allocations: 95.08 kB / 16.3 MB, free: 6.457 MB / 14.72 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Complex 4.0.0+maint.om/package.mo): time 0.001263/0.001263, allocations: 184.5 kB / 17.19 MB, free: 6.34 MB / 14.72 MB
Notification: Performance of loadFile(/home/hudson/saved_omc/libraries/.openmodelica/libraries/Modelica 3.2.3+maint.om/package.mo): time 1.719/1.719, allocations: 205.4 MB / 223.3 MB, free: 13.18 MB / 190.1 MB
Notification: Modelica requested package Complex of version 3.2.3. Complex 4.0.0 is used instead which states that it is fully compatible without conversion script needed.
Notification: Modelica requested package ModelicaServices of version 3.2.3. ModelicaServices 4.0.0 is used instead which states that it is fully compatible without conversion script needed.
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - loaded program: time 0.000505/0.0005052, allocations: 15.38 kB / 280.1 MB, free: 3.766 MB / 222.1 MB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - Absyn->SCode: time 0.1161/0.1166, allocations: 47.58 MB / 327.7 MB, free: 4.117 MB / 270.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.instantiate(Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature): time 0.3175/0.4342, allocations: 79.25 MB / 406.9 MB, free: 11.59 MB / 318.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.instExpressions: time 0.03671/0.4709, allocations: 29.53 MB / 436.5 MB, free: 10.59 MB / 334.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFInst.updateImplicitVariability: time 0.005666/0.4766, allocations: 73 kB / 436.5 MB, free: 10.55 MB / 334.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeComponents: time 0.004765/0.4815, allocations: 1.145 MB / 437.7 MB, free: 9.559 MB / 334.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeBindings: time 0.01338/0.4949, allocations: 3.584 MB / 441.3 MB, free: 6.582 MB / 334.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFTyping.typeClassSections: time 0.02441/0.5193, allocations: 7.18 MB / 448.4 MB, free: 84 kB / 334.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.flatten: time 0.007448/0.5268, allocations: 3.602 MB / 452 MB, free: 12.47 MB / 350.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.resolveConnections: time 0.002893/0.5297, allocations: 1.674 MB / 453.7 MB, free: 10.78 MB / 350.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFEvalConstants.evaluate: time 0.01382/0.5436, allocations: 7.55 MB / 461.3 MB, free: 3.223 MB / 350.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFSimplifyModel.simplify: time 0.00341/0.547, allocations: 1.464 MB / 462.7 MB, free: 1.754 MB / 350.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFPackage.collectConstants: time 0.0007473/0.5478, allocations: 136 kB / 462.9 MB, free: 1.621 MB / 350.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFFlatten.collectFunctions: time 0.01924/0.567, allocations: 8.733 MB / 471.6 MB, free: 8.879 MB / 366.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFScalarize.scalarize: time 0.001619/0.5687, allocations: 0.6817 MB / 472.3 MB, free: 8.195 MB / 366.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFVerifyModel.verify: time 0.001164/0.5699, allocations: 468.6 kB / 472.7 MB, free: 7.73 MB / 366.1 MB
Notification: Performance of NFConvertDAE.convert: time 0.0125/0.5824, allocations: 5.877 MB / 478.6 MB, free: 1.84 MB / 366.1 MB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd - DAE generated: time 3.867e-06/0.5824, allocations: 0 / 478.6 MB, free: 1.84 MB / 366.1 MB
Notification: Performance of FrontEnd: time 2.264e-06/0.5824, allocations: 0 / 478.6 MB, free: 1.84 MB / 366.1 MB
Notification: Performance of Transformations before backend: time 8.371e-05/0.5825, allocations: 0 / 478.6 MB, free: 1.84 MB / 366.1 MB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the front-end and creating the data structures used by the back-end:
 * Number of equations: 462
 * Number of variables: 462
Notification: Performance of Generate backend data structure: time 0.008463/0.591, allocations: 2.977 MB / 481.6 MB, free: 14.8 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of prepare preOptimizeDAE: time 4.083e-05/0.5911, allocations: 12.02 kB / 481.6 MB, free: 14.79 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt normalInlineFunction (simulation): time 0.01042/0.6015, allocations: 1.25 MB / 482.9 MB, free: 13.54 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt evaluateParameters (simulation): time 0.002922/0.6044, allocations: 1.298 MB / 484.2 MB, free: 12.18 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt simplifyIfEquations (simulation): time 0.0003396/0.6048, allocations: 341.8 kB / 484.5 MB, free: 11.81 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt expandDerOperator (simulation): time 0.0003223/0.6051, allocations: 187.9 kB / 484.7 MB, free: 11.63 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt clockPartitioning (simulation): time 0.007918/0.613, allocations: 3.477 MB / 488.2 MB, free: 8.035 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt findStateOrder (simulation): time 4.244e-05/0.6131, allocations: 4 kB / 488.2 MB, free: 8.031 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt replaceEdgeChange (simulation): time 0.0002402/0.6134, allocations: 87.97 kB / 488.2 MB, free: 7.945 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt inlineArrayEqn (simulation): time 0.0001247/0.6135, allocations: 103.3 kB / 488.3 MB, free: 7.844 MB / 382.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt removeEqualRHS (simulation): time 0.008652/0.6221, allocations: 3.518 MB / 491.9 MB, free: 4.32 MB / 382.1 MB
Warning: The model contains alias variables with redundant start and/or conflicting nominal values. It is recommended to resolve the conflicts, because otherwise the system could be hard to solve. To print the conflicting alias sets and the chosen candidates please use -d=aliasConflicts.
Notification: Performance of preOpt removeSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.02248/0.6447, allocations: 14.45 MB / 0.4944 GB, free: 4.973 MB / 398.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt comSubExp (simulation): time 0.00689/0.6516, allocations: 2.921 MB / 0.4973 GB, free: 2.043 MB / 398.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt evalFunc (simulation): time 0.04892/0.7005, allocations: 24.51 MB / 0.5212 GB, free: 6.645 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt encapsulateWhenConditions (simulation): time 9.507e-05/0.7006, allocations: 64.73 kB / 0.5213 GB, free: 6.574 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preOpt simplifyInStream (simulation): time 0.003349/0.704, allocations: 453.8 kB / 0.5217 GB, free: 6.129 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of pre-optimization done (n=175): time 1.634e-05/0.7041, allocations: 0 / 0.5217 GB, free: 6.129 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=205): time 0.2301/0.9342, allocations: 12.44 MB / 0.5339 GB, free: 151.9 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of inlineWhenForInitialization (initialization): time 0.000114/0.9344, allocations: 151.4 kB / 0.534 GB, free: 151.7 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of selectInitializationVariablesDAE (initialization): time 0.002544/0.9369, allocations: 1.399 MB / 0.5354 GB, free: 151.2 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of collectPreVariables (initialization): time 0.0003574/0.9373, allocations: 63.8 kB / 0.5354 GB, free: 151.2 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of collectInitialEqns (initialization): time 0.0005767/0.9379, allocations: 0.783 MB / 0.5362 GB, free: 150.6 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of collectInitialBindings (initialization): time 0.0006879/0.9386, allocations: 0.6783 MB / 0.5369 GB, free: 150 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simplifyInitialFunctions (initialization): time 0.0001362/0.9387, allocations: 40.28 kB / 0.5369 GB, free: 150 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of setup shared object (initialization): time 0.0001446/0.9389, allocations: 391.4 kB / 0.5373 GB, free: 149.7 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of preBalanceInitialSystem (initialization): time 0.002771/0.9417, allocations: 1.296 MB / 0.5385 GB, free: 149.2 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of partitionIndependentBlocks (initialization): time 0.002943/0.9446, allocations: 1.73 MB / 0.5402 GB, free: 148.3 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of analyzeInitialSystem (initialization): time 0.002592/0.9472, allocations: 1.402 MB / 0.5416 GB, free: 147.8 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of solveInitialSystemEqSystem (initialization): time 1.125e-05/0.9472, allocations: 2.781 kB / 0.5416 GB, free: 147.8 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of matching and sorting (n=272) (initialization): time 0.007308/0.9546, allocations: 4.036 MB / 0.5456 GB, free: 146.2 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 3.381e-05/0.9546, allocations: 11.88 kB / 0.5456 GB, free: 146.2 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (initialization): time 2.155e-05/0.9547, allocations: 7.656 kB / 0.5456 GB, free: 146.2 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (initialization): time 0.004307/0.959, allocations: 1.58 MB / 0.5471 GB, free: 145.9 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (initialization): time 0.002078/0.9611, allocations: 475.8 kB / 0.5476 GB, free: 145.8 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (initialization): time 0.004708/0.9658, allocations: 6.695 MB / 0.5541 GB, free: 140.4 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (initialization): time 0.002557/0.9684, allocations: 220.3 kB / 0.5543 GB, free: 140.3 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (initialization): time 0.0002416/0.9686, allocations: 112.4 kB / 0.5544 GB, free: 140.3 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the back-end for initialization:
 * Number of independent subsystems: 50
 * Number of states: 0 ()
 * Number of discrete variables: 21 (openTankCold2.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankCold2.regularFlow[1],openTankCold2.inFlow[1],openTankCold1.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankCold1.regularFlow[1],openTankCold1.inFlow[1],openTankHot1.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankHot1.regularFlow[1],openTankHot1.inFlow[1],openTankHot2.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankHot2.regularFlow[1],openTankHot2.inFlow[1],mFlow1.medium.phase,mFlow2.medium.phase,openTankCold3.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankCold3.regularFlow[1],openTankCold3.inFlow[1],openTankHot3.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankHot3.regularFlow[1],openTankHot3.inFlow[1],mFlow3.medium.phase)
 * Number of discrete states: 0 ()
 * Number of clocked states: 0 ()
 * Top-level inputs: 0
Notification: Strong component statistics for initialization (213):
 * Single equations (assignments): 204
 * Array equations: 0
 * Algorithm blocks: 0
 * Record equations: 0
 * When equations: 0
 * If-equations: 0
 * Equation systems (linear and non-linear blocks): 0
 * Torn equation systems: 9
 * Mixed (continuous/discrete) equation systems: 0
Notification: Torn system details for strict tearing set:
 * Linear torn systems: 0
 * Non-linear torn systems: 9 {1 5,1 5,4 6,1 5,1 5,4 6,1 5,1 5,6 6}
Notification: Performance of prepare postOptimizeDAE: time 0.00119/0.9698, allocations: 0.5149 MB / 0.5549 GB, free: 140 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt lateInlineFunction (simulation): time 0.0004293/0.9703, allocations: 196.4 kB / 0.5551 GB, free: 139.9 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt wrapFunctionCalls (simulation): time 0.01184/0.9821, allocations: 9.978 MB / 0.5649 GB, free: 133.2 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt inlineArrayEqn (simulation): time 6.503e-05/0.9822, allocations: 103.8 kB / 0.565 GB, free: 133.1 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt constantLinearSystem (simulation): time 1.109e-05/0.9822, allocations: 3.844 kB / 0.565 GB, free: 133.1 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifysemiLinear (simulation): time 2.425e-05/0.9823, allocations: 11.95 kB / 0.565 GB, free: 133.1 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt removeSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.01517/0.9974, allocations: 13.35 MB / 0.578 GB, free: 119.7 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyComplexFunction (simulation): time 1.232e-05/0.9975, allocations: 0 / 0.578 GB, free: 119.7 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt solveSimpleEquations (simulation): time 0.001738/0.9993, allocations: 414.4 kB / 0.5784 GB, free: 119.3 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt tearingSystem (simulation): time 0.005438/1.005, allocations: 4.095 MB / 0.5824 GB, free: 115.2 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt inputDerivativesUsed (simulation): time 0.0003487/1.005, allocations: 59.97 kB / 0.5825 GB, free: 115.1 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStrongComponentJacobians (simulation): time 0.006073/1.011, allocations: 8.761 MB / 0.591 GB, free: 106.1 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt calculateStateSetsJacobians (simulation): time 4.118e-06/1.011, allocations: 4.703 kB / 0.591 GB, free: 106.1 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt symbolicJacobian (simulation): time 0.0127/1.024, allocations: 10.78 MB / 0.6015 GB, free: 95.24 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt removeConstants (simulation): time 0.001691/1.026, allocations: 0.9048 MB / 0.6024 GB, free: 94.31 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyTimeIndepFuncCalls (simulation): time 0.0004369/1.026, allocations: 44 kB / 0.6025 GB, free: 94.27 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt simplifyAllExpressions (simulation): time 0.001957/1.028, allocations: 231.6 kB / 0.6027 GB, free: 94.04 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt findZeroCrossings (simulation): time 0.0004035/1.028, allocations: 233.5 kB / 0.6029 GB, free: 93.81 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of postOpt collapseArrayExpressions (simulation): time 0.0001653/1.029, allocations: 91.95 kB / 0.603 GB, free: 93.72 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of sorting global known variables: time 0.001395/1.03, allocations: 1.258 MB / 0.6042 GB, free: 92.45 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of sort global known variables: time 1.5e-07/1.03, allocations: 0 / 0.6042 GB, free: 92.45 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of remove unused functions: time 0.005569/1.036, allocations: 1.801 MB / 0.606 GB, free: 90.77 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Model statistics after passing the back-end for simulation:
 * Number of independent subsystems: 1
 * Number of states: 12 (openTankCold2.level,openTankCold2.medium.h,openTankCold1.level,openTankCold1.medium.h,openTankHot1.level,openTankHot1.medium.h,openTankHot2.level,openTankHot2.medium.h,openTankCold3.level,openTankCold3.medium.h,openTankHot3.level,openTankHot3.medium.h)
 * Number of discrete variables: 71 ($cse4.phase,$cse4.region,$cse7.phase,$cse7.region,$cse8.phase,$cse8.region,$cse13.phase,$cse13.region,$cse15.phase,$cse15.region,$cse18.phase,$cse18.region,$cse20.phase,$cse20.region,$cse23.phase,$cse23.region,$cse25.phase,$cse25.region,$cse28.phase,$cse28.region,$cse30.phase,$cse30.region,$cse31.region3boundary,$cse32.region3boundary,$cse33.phase,$cse33.region,$cse34.phase,$cse34.region,$cse35.region3boundary,$cse36.region3boundary,$cse37.phase,$cse37.region,$cse38.phase,$cse38.region,$cse39.phase,$cse39.region,$cse43.phase,$cse43.region,$cse45.phase,$cse45.region,$cse48.phase,$cse48.region,$cse50.phase,$cse50.region,$cse51.region3boundary,$cse52.region3boundary,$cse53.phase,$cse53.region,$cse54.phase,$cse54.region,openTankCold2.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankCold2.regularFlow[1],openTankCold2.inFlow[1],openTankCold1.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankCold1.regularFlow[1],openTankCold1.inFlow[1],openTankHot1.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankHot1.regularFlow[1],openTankHot1.inFlow[1],openTankHot2.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankHot2.regularFlow[1],openTankHot2.inFlow[1],mFlow1.medium.phase,mFlow2.medium.phase,openTankCold3.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankCold3.regularFlow[1],openTankCold3.inFlow[1],openTankHot3.heatTransfer.states[1].phase,openTankHot3.regularFlow[1],openTankHot3.inFlow[1],mFlow3.medium.phase)
 * Number of discrete states: 0 ()
 * Number of clocked states: 0 ()
 * Top-level inputs: 0
Notification: Strong component statistics for simulation (173):
 * Single equations (assignments): 145
 * Array equations: 0
 * Algorithm blocks: 0
 * Record equations: 19
 * When equations: 0
 * If-equations: 0
 * Equation systems (linear and non-linear blocks): 0
 * Torn equation systems: 9
 * Mixed (continuous/discrete) equation systems: 0
Notification: Torn system details for strict tearing set:
 * Linear torn systems: 0
 * Non-linear torn systems: 9 {2 4,2 4,6 9,2 4,2 4,6 9,2 4,2 4,6 11}
Notification: Performance of Backend phase and start with SimCode phase: time 0.0059/1.042, allocations: 1.738 MB / 0.6077 GB, free: 89.3 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created initialization part: time 0.008572/1.05, allocations: 4.267 MB / 0.6119 GB, free: 85.02 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created event and clocks part: time 1.458e-05/1.05, allocations: 0.5625 kB / 0.6119 GB, free: 85.02 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created simulation system equations: time 0.005249/1.056, allocations: 3.155 MB / 0.6149 GB, free: 81.87 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created of all other equations (e.g. parameter, nominal, assert, etc): time 0.005288/1.061, allocations: 1.038 MB / 0.616 GB, free: 80.82 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: created linear, non-linear and system jacobian parts: time 0.01161/1.072, allocations: 9.5 MB / 0.6252 GB, free: 71.28 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: some other stuff during SimCode phase: time 0.001259/1.074, allocations: 2.228 MB / 0.6274 GB, free: 69.02 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: alias equations: time 0.003009/1.077, allocations: 1.736 MB / 0.6291 GB, free: 67.28 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of simCode: all other stuff during SimCode phase: time 0.0005412/1.077, allocations: 183.4 kB / 0.6293 GB, free: 67.1 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of SimCode: time 2.404e-06/1.077, allocations: 0 / 0.6293 GB, free: 67.1 MB / 430.1 MB
Notification: Performance of Templates: time 0.2696/1.347, allocations: 90.2 MB / 0.7174 GB, free: 133.3 MB / 430.1 MB
make -j1 -f Modelica_3.2.2_Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature.makefile
Environment - environmentSimulation:
(rm -f Modelica_3.2.2_Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature.pipe ; mkfifo Modelica_3.2.2_Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature.pipe ; head -c 1048576 < Modelica_3.2.2_Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature.pipe >> ../files/Modelica_3.2.2_Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature.sim & ./Modelica_3.2.2_Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature  -abortSlowSimulation -alarm=480 -lv LOG_STATS > Modelica_3.2.2_Modelica.Fluid.Examples.Explanatory.MeasuringTemperature.pipe 2>&1)
Environment - environmentSimulation: